浙江省天然阔叶林物种多样性和结构多样性对生产力的影响

Diversity characteristics of natural broad-leaved mixedforests in Zhejiang Province and their impact on productivity

为探讨浙江省天然常绿阔叶林、落叶阔叶林、常绿和落叶阔叶混交林等3种植被覆盖类型物种多样性和结构多样性与环境因子对生产力的影响,以2021年浙江省森林资源连续清查数据为基础,用R语言分析3种植被覆盖类型物种多样性、群落多样性和生产力之间的关系,选择表示物种多样性和结构多样性的最优指标并进行相关性检验,对环境因子与生产力的关系进行冗余分析。结果显示,常绿阔叶林物种多样性与生产力呈显著负相关(R=-0.26,P<0.05),而结构多样性与生产力呈显著正相关(R=0.51,P<0.05);落叶阔叶林、常绿和落叶阔叶混交林的物种多样性(R=0.33,P<0.05;R=0.32,P<0.05)、结构多样性(R=0.51,P<0.05;R=0.47,P<0.05)与生产力均呈显著正相关,且结构多样性与生产力的相关性明显优于物种多样性与生产力的相关性。此外,研究发现不同类型的天然阔叶林受到环境因子影响差异较大。在常绿阔叶林中,坡度是影响生产力最显著的因素;而在落叶阔叶林、常绿和落叶阔叶混交林中,坡位是影响生产力最显著因素。研究认为,群落结构多样性和物种多样性的提高,对促进天然阔叶林生产力具有显著影响,不同天然阔叶林生产力水平受环境因子影响差异显著。

The impact of species diversity,structural diversity,and environmental factors on the productivity of three types of vegetation cover was studied in Zhejiang Province,i.e.:natural evergreen broad-leaved forest,deciduous broad-leaved forest,and evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest.Based on the 2021 continuous forest resource inventory data of Zhejiang Province,R language was used to analyze the relationship between species diversity,community diversity,and productivity of the three types of vegetation covers.Optimal indicators representing species diversity and structural diversity were selected and tested for correlation.Redundancy analysis was used to examine the relationship between environmental factors and productivity.The results showed that species diversity was significantly negatively correlated with productivity in evergreen broad-leaved forest(R=-0.26,P<0.05),while structural diversity was significantly positively correlated with productivity(R=0.51,P<0.05).In deciduous broad-leaved forest and evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest,both species diversity(R=0.33,P<0.05;R=0.32,P<0.05)and structural diversity(R=0.51,P<0.05;R=0.47,P<0.05)were significantly positively correlated with productivity,especialy structural diversity showing a stronger correlation with productivity than species diversity.Additionally,it was found that different types of natural broad-leaved forest were affected by environmental factors to varying degrees.Slope was the most significant factor affecting productivity in evergreen broad-leaved forest,while slope position was the most significant factor in deciduous broad-leaved forest and evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest.The study suggests that improving the community structure and species diversity play a crucial role in increaing the productivity of natural broad-leaved forests,and the productivity levels of different natural broad-leaved forest could be significantly influenced by environmental factors.