现代木构屋架的空间利用设计探索

Exploration of Space Utilization Design of Modern Wooden Frame

我们常说的建筑“第五立面”——屋顶作为建筑的顶部围护,不仅能成为建筑外轮廓和整体形象的视觉焦点所在,还是建筑空间的重要组成部分。不同于建筑下部主体空间的完整且自由,木构建筑的屋顶由于屋架结构的存在而使内部的空间被切割成多个部分。传统木构屋架由于技术和材料的限制一般无法在其中布置有效空间,而现代木结构能做到更大的跨度、更小的构件截面以及更丰富的搭建方式,使得在其中创造空间有了更多的可能性;同时,新技术的发展也要求建筑师探索新的设计手法以对木构建筑屋顶的空间结构和功能扩展进行处理,从而激发新的现代木构屋架设计理念。文章以现代木构屋架的可居性与架构性为研究目标,整理分析现代木构屋架的设计案例并探讨其逻辑,从而引发对木构屋架空间结构一体化设计的思考。

We often say that the"fifth facade"of the building-the roof as the top envelope of the building,not only can become the visual focus of the external outline and the overall image of the building,but also an important part of the architectural space.Unlike the complete and free main space of the lower part of the building,the roof of the wooden building is cut into multiple parts due to the existence of the roof truss structure.Due to the limitations of technology and materials,the traditional wooden frame can not be arranged in an effective space,while the modern wooden structure can achieve a larger span,a smaller component section and a richer way of construction,which makes it more possible to create space;At the same time,the development of new technology requires architects to explore new design methods to deal with the spatial structure and functional expansion of wooden roofs,thus inspiring new modern wooden frame design concepts.This paper takes the habitability and structure of modern wooden roof truss as the research goal,sorts out and analyzes the design cases of modern wooden frame and discusses its logic,so as to trigger the thinking of the integrated design of wooden frame space structure.