基于供需匹配的商业养老财富储备体系路径优化研究

Research on Path Optimization of Commercial Pension Wealth Reserve System based on Matching the Supply and Demand

老年人日益多元的养老需求亟需坚实的养老财富储备作为基础。除了制度化的养老金之外,非制度化的商业养老财富储备则可以通过更加灵活的方式为国民提供更丰富的养老经济保障。当前银行、基金、保险、信托等金融机构利用自身特色,创新和开发了类别和形式多样的养老金融产品,给广大国民养老财富储备提供了新的选择。但由于国民财富积累规模有限、养老金融专业认知欠缺,制约了其商业养老财富储备参与能力和意愿;同时,当前我国资本市场发展不稳定不完善,国民信任度不高,商业养老财富储备的针对性服务也有待提升,阻碍了供给的有效性。未来应通过完善收入分配政策、提高国民养老金融素养、丰富商业养老金融产品供给等方式更好匹配商业养老财富储备供给和需求,此外,还要营造良好的养老金融市场环境,重塑国民养老金融参与信心。

The increasingly diverse elderly care needs urgently require a solid reserve of pension wealth as the foundation.In addition to institutionalized pension funds,non-institutionalized commercial reserves of pension wealth can provide richer financial security for the nation's old age in a more flexible way.At present,banks,funds,insurance,trusts and other financial institutions have utilized their own characteristics to innovate and de⁃velop a wide variety of categories and forms of financial products for the elderly,providing new options for the pub⁃lic to reserve for old-age.However,due to the limited scale of national wealth accumulation and lack of profession⁃al cognition of aging finance,it restricts the ability and willingness of the national commercial pension wealth re⁃serve participation.At the same time,the current development of China's capital market is unstable and imperfect,the degree of trust of the nationals is not high,and the targeting service of the commercial pension wealth reserve is yet to be upgraded,which hinders the effectiveness of the supply.In the future,we should better match the sup⁃ply and demand of commercial pension wealth reserves by improving income distribution policies,enhancing na⁃tional aging financial literacy,and enriching the supply of commercial old-age financial products.In addition,we need to create a good aging financial market environment and reshape the confidence of national aging finance par⁃ticipation.