纳米零价铁的制备及氧化还原技术的应用进展

Preparation of nanoscale zero-valent iron and its application of reduction and oxidation technology

纳米零价铁(nZVI)因具有强还原能力和高吸附性能等特点,在环境污染修复中应用前景广阔。近年来,国内外学者开发了多种nZVI的合成方法,并在nZVI还原去除有机、无机污染物以及nZVI耦合高级氧化技术方面均有较大进展。本文综述了nZVI的物理、化学和绿色合成制备方法的原理及优缺点,分析了nZVI还原降解、吸附固定等作用去除有机、无机污染物的机制及影响因素,重点探讨了nZVI联用氧化剂(如分子氧、过氧化氢、过氧化钙和过硫酸盐等)构建类芬顿技术的机理及应用进展,并对nZVI修复技术的环境应用进行了展望,以期为nZVI的高效制备和环境修复领域的广泛应用提供参考。

Nanoscale zero-valent iron(nZVI)has broad application prospects in environmental pollution remediation due to its strong reduction ability and high adsorption performance.In recent years,various synthesis methods have been developed and great promotion has been made in the reduction of nZVI to remove organic and inorganic pollutants,as well as advanced oxidation technologies based on nZVI.This review provided a comprehensive summary of the mechanisms and relative merits of the main methods for nZVI preparation,including physical,chemical,and green synthesis methods.The removal mechanisms of inorganic and organic contaminants by nZVI involving reduction,adsorption,and coprecipitation were described in detail;the mechanism and environmental application of nZVI coupled with oxidants(e.g.,molecular oxygen,hydrogen peroxide,calcium peroxide,and persulfate)were emphatically introduced.Additionally,the research trends and development directions for the nZVI-based technology in environmental remediation are proposed,aiming to serve as a reference for the efficient preparation and widespread application of nZVI in environmental remediation.