MRI迭代新技术在脑发育与脑损伤评估中的进展和前景

Progress and prospect of advanced MRI techniques and their applications in brain development and brain injury

脑发育与脑损伤研究是认识发育规律并保障儿童健康发展的基础,MRI是脑发育与脑损伤评估的重要手段。近年来,儿科适宜的MRI技术不断迭代更新,尤其是人工智能的应用提升了MRI在儿科人群的适用性。本文主要论述了包括人工智能加速成像、运动伪影消除、图像畸变校正、儿科适宜的脑形态与功能量化分析等在内的MRI新技术与图像处理新方法,并简要论述了新技术在揭示脑发育规律与脑损伤病理生理机制方面的应用价值,同时指出了部分新技术在应用中存在的问题。期待本文能够为进一步拓展儿科适宜脑MRI技术的应用启发新角度,为儿童脑病早期评估工具的选择提供参考,希望更多的研究推动儿科适宜MRI新技术研发与临床应用,提升儿童脑病的诊疗水平。

The study of brain development and injury is the basis for understanding the maturation pattern and ensuring the healthy development of children.MRI is an important method for assessing brain development and injuries.Recently,the pediatric-suitable MRI techniques have been continuously updated.Importantly,the application of artificial intelligence further improves the applicability of MRI in pediatric.In this work,novel imaging techniques and processing methods,including artificial intelligence accelerated imaging,motion artifact elimination,distortion correction,pediatric-suitable quantitative analysis of brain morphology and function,are reviewed.The application values of these techniques in revealing the law of brain development and the pathophysiological mechanisms of brain injury are briefly discussed.Meanwhile,the problems existing in the application of some of the methods are pointed out.It is expected that this work can inspire new perspectives for further expanding the application of brain imaging techniques in pediatrics,and provide a reference for the selection of early assessment tools for pediatric disorders.It is hoped that more researches can work together to promote the ability of pediatric-appropriate MRI technique development and clinical applications.These will be helpful for improving the ability of diagnosis and treatment of pediatric disorders.