术前磁共振成像技术在乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移中的研究进展

Research progress of preoperative magnetic resonance imaging techniques in axillary lymph node metastasis of breast cancer

乳腺癌现已位居世界女性癌症死亡率之首,临床上对于乳腺癌患者的治疗方法主要以手术治疗和靶向治疗为主,而术前乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移是乳腺癌患者治疗和预后的重要的影响因素。随着磁共振成像技术的迅速发展,研究者们不仅从大小、边缘形态及皮质厚度等常规影像特征评估腋窝淋巴结转移,还利用功能成像方法了解淋巴结的微观结构信息、量化性评估淋巴结异质性等。此外,新兴的影像组学、影像学联合人工智能可以获得更多参数,在腋窝淋巴结的研究中取得了更深入的研究成果。本文就术前磁共振成像技术在乳腺癌中腋窝淋巴结转移的相关研究进展做一综述,旨在总结各成像序列在乳腺癌腋窝淋巴结转移应用中的优势和不足,并为后续的影像科学研究提供新方向。

Breast cancer has become the world's leading female cancer mortality rate.The clinical treatment methods for breast cancer patients are mainly surgical treatment and targeted treatment.The preoperative axillary lymph node metastasis of breast cancer is an important factor affecting the treatment and prognosis of breast cancer patients.With the rapid development of magnetic resonance imaging technology,researchers not only evaluate axillary lymph node metastasis based on conventional imaging features such as size,edge morphology,and cortical thickness,but also use functional imaging methods to understand the microstructure information of lymph nodes and quantitatively evaluate lymph node heterogeneity.In addition,emerging imaging omics,imaging combined with artificial intelligence can obtain more parameters and have achieved more in-depth research results in the study of axillary lymph nodes.This article reviews the research progress of preoperative magnetic resonance imaging in axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer,aiming to summarize the advantages and disadvantages of each imaging sequence in the application of axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer,and provide a new direction for subsequent imaging science research.