汽车车身常用板材耐腐蚀性能研究

Research on Decay Resistance of Commonly Used Plates for Automobile Bodies

车身常用板材的耐腐蚀性能是车身板材选用的重要参考标准,因此,对已加工为零件的热浸镀铝硅镀层板、未加工为零件的热浸镀铝硅镀层板、电镀锌板、热镀锌板、热成型钢裸板和冷轧板分别进行裸板材板和电泳板的中性盐雾对比试验。结果表明:有镀层的板材耐腐蚀性能明显优于无镀层板材;热浸镀铝硅镀层板加工成零件后其镀层会被破坏,导致其裸板耐腐蚀性能下降,但其电泳板的耐腐蚀性能加工前后变化不大,划痕扩蚀情况反而提升;热成型钢裸板因加工过程形成的氧化膜和脱碳层,在中性盐雾条件下4 h即出现锈蚀,其电泳板和电泳划痕板中性盐雾试验均出现严重的起泡问题。

The decay resistance of commonly used body panels was an important reference standard for the selection of body panels,the neutral salt spray respective comparison test of bare and electrophoresis panels was conducted on the hot-dip aluminum-silicon coated panels that were processed into parts,the hot-dip aluminum-silicon coated panels that were processed into parts,the electro-galvanized panels,the hot-dip galvanized panels,hot-formed steel bare sheets and cold-rolled sheets.The results showed that the decay resistance of the panels with the plating was significantly superior to that of the panels without the plating.Plate,the hot-dip aluminum-silicon plating plate processed into parts would be destroyed,which resulted into a decrease in the decay resistance of the bare plate,but the decay resistance of its electrophoresis plate before and after the processing did not changed significantly,scratching and corrosion expansion increased on the contrary.The oxidation film and decarburization layer of the thermoformed steel bare plate formed during the process corroded in the neutral salt spray conditions 4 h,and its electrophoresis plate and electrophoresis scratches on the board of the neutral salt spray test showed serious blistering problems.