实时荧光PCR技术在手足口病检测中的应用价值分析

Analysis of the Application Value of Real-time Fluorescent PCR Technology in the Detection of Hand,Foot,and Mouth Disease

目的 探析实时荧光聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)技术在手足口病检测中的应用价值。方法 非随机选取2021年1月—2023年11月高唐县疾病预防控制中心收治的100例疑似感染手足口病患儿为研究对象,均进行实时荧光PCR检查、DNA测序技术检查,以病毒分离培养结果为金标准,对比两种技术的诊断情况。结果 病毒分离培养结果显示100例疑似患儿中有73例确诊。实时荧光PCR技术诊断效能灵敏度97.26%(71/73)、特异度88.89%(24/27)、准确度95.00%(95/100)、阳性预测值95.95%(71/74)、阴性预测值92.31%(24/26)明显高于DNA测序技术的72.60%(53/73)、55.56%(15/27)、68.00%(68/100)、81.54%(53/65)、42.86%(15/35),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=17.340、7.477、24.175、7.462、15.821,P均<0.05)。实时荧光PCR技术的病毒亚型检出率高于DNA测序技术,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论 在手足口病检测中,实时荧光PCR技术的应用价值高于DNA测序技术,更利于为后续治疗提供可靠参考依据。

Objective To explore the application value of real-time fluorescent polymerase chain reaction(PCR)in the detection of hand,foot and mouth disease.Methods 100 children suspected to be infected with HFMD admitted to Gaotang County Center for Disease Control and Prevention from January 2021 to November 2023 were non-randomly selected as the study objects.All of them were examined by real-time fluorescent PCR and DNA sequencing technol⁃ogy.The results of viral isolation and culture were used as the gold standard to compare the diagnosis of the two tech⁃nologies.Results The virus isolation and culture results showed that 73 cases of 100 suspected children were con⁃firmed.The sensitivity of real-time PCR was 97.26%(71/73),the specificity 88.89%(24/27),the accuracy 95.00%(95/100),the positive predictive value 95.95%(71/74)and the negative predictive value 92.31%(24/26)were signifi⁃cantly higher than those of DNA sequencing technology 72.60%(53/73),55.56%(15/27),68.00%(68/100),81.54%(53/65),42.86%(15/35),the differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=17.340,7.477,24.175,7.462,15.821,all P<0.05).The detection rate of virus subtypes by real-time fluorescent PCR was higher than that by DNA sequencing,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Conclusion In the detection of hand,foot and mouth dis⁃ease,real-time fluorescent PCR technology is more valuable than DNA sequencing technology,which is more beneficial to provide reliable reference for follow-up treatment.