孕晚期初产妇分娩恐惧的潜在剖面分析

Latent profiles analysis of fear of childbirth among primipara in the third trimester

目的分析孕晚期初产妇分娩恐惧潜在剖面类别,并探讨不同类别的影响因素。方法选取2021年2月至2023年2月南京医科大学第一附属医院产科产检的孕晚期初产妇作为研究对象。孕28~40周时,采用一般资料调查表、分娩恐惧量表、医疗社会支持量表、分娩准备度量表对其进行调查。结果最终纳入134例初产妇,其分娩恐惧量表得分为(34.43±6.48)分。孕晚期初产妇分娩恐惧可分为3种类型,低水平分娩恐惧型35例占26.1%,中等水平分娩恐惧型43例占32.1%,高水平分娩恐惧型56例占41.8%。与“高水平分娩恐惧型”比较,医疗社会支持量表得分、分娩准备度量表得分越高的初产妇归属于“低水平分娩恐惧型”和“中等水平分娩恐惧型”的概率越大(OR=1.216~2.031,P<0.05);本科及以上学历归属于“低水平分娩恐惧型”的概率大(OR=0.017,P<0.05)。结论孕晚期初产妇分娩恐惧呈现3种潜在剖面类别,医护人员应根据分娩恐惧的特征实施针对性干预,以降低其分娩恐惧水平。

Objective To explore the latent profiles of fear of childbirth among primipara in the third trimester,and to investigate the influencing factors of different profiles.Methods The primipara in the third trimester who underwent antenatal examination in the Department of Obstetrics,the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University from February 2021 to February 2023 were enrolled.At 28-40 weeks of pregnancy,the General Information Questionnaire(GIQ),Childbirth Attitudes Questionnaires(CAQ),Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey(MOS-SSS),Childbirth Readiness Scale(CRS)were performed for the investigation.Results Finally,134 primipara were enrolled in the present study,with the total scores of Childbirth Attitudes Questionnaire of(34.43±6.48)points.The fear of childbirth in primipara in the third trimester could be classified into the low-level(35/134,26.1%),moderate-level(43/134,32.1%),and high-level(56 cases,41.8%).Compared with the classification of high-level fear of childbirth,primipara graded with the higher scores of the MOS-SSS and CRS were more likely to be classified as the low-level and moderate-level fear of childbirth(OR=1.216-2.031,P<0.05).Primipara with a bachelor degree or above were more likely to be classified as the low-level fear of childbirth(OR=0.017,P<0.05).Conclusion There are three latent profiles of fear of childbirth among primipara in the third trimester,medical staff should implement targeted interventions based on fear of childbirth characteristics,thus alleviating their fear of childbirth.