社会法界定的理论反思与范式重建

A Theoretical Reflection and the Paradigm Reconstruction of Social Law Definition

作为七大法律部门之一和法学之下重要的二级学科,我国学界在社会法的界定和理论范式上迄今没有形成基本的共识,仅仅对社会法的定义就有数十种之多。导致社会法研究陷入混乱、学者各说各话的根本原因是,部分学者将社会法理论混同为法理学流派之一的社会学法学理论,其更深层次的原因是民国的混沌未分,而民国的混沌源于对国外理论的误读。必须在反思错误观点的基础上,重新厘定社会法概念。第三法域说、社会法分层说、社会问题说、社会权说、社会安全说、民法现代化说和特别行政法说等理论观点都是错误的。社会法的核心内涵是生活安全,它产生于保护弱者的生活安全,发展于保障全体民众的生活安全,其必要前提是国家和社会帮助。在法律定位上,社会法是第三法域的部门法,是国家运用公法手段促进民生福祉的产物。

As one of the seven major legal departments and an important secondary discipline under law,there is no basic consensus on the definition and theoretical paradigm of social law in academic circles,and there are dozens of definitions of social law.The fundamental reason for the confusion in the study of social law is that some scholars confuse the theory of social law with the theory of sociological law,which is one of the schools of jurisprudence.The deeper reason is the confusion in the academic circle of the Republic of China,which originates from the misinterpretation of foreign theories.It is necessary to redefine the concept of social law on the basis of rethinking the wrong point of view.The theory of the third jurisdiction,the theory of stratification of social law,the theory of social problems,the theory of social rights,the theory of social security,the theory of modernization of civil law and the theory of special administrative law are all wrong.The core connotation of social law is life safety,which comes from protecting the life safety of the weak and develops in protecting the life safety of all people,and its necessary prerequisite is the help of the state and the society.In terms of legal orientation,social law is a branch law of the third legal domain and a product of the state's use of public law to promote people's well-being.