广东省深圳市马肠道寄生虫感染情况调查

Investigation on Equine Intestinal Parasite Infection in Shenzhen City,Guangdong Province

为掌握深圳市马匹肠道寄生虫感染状况,采集全市马术俱乐部234份新鲜马粪便样品进行了肠道寄生虫检查。结果显示:全市26家马术俱乐部均存在肠道寄生虫感染,个体检出率为47.01%,寄生虫种类为马副蛔虫和圆线虫,感染率均为30.34%,混合感染率为13.68%;公马的肠道寄生虫感染率显著低于骟马和母马(P<0.05),不同年龄段马感染率无统计学差异(P>0.05),舍特兰马感染率显著高于蒙古马(P<0.05),内蒙古来源马匹感染率显著低于其他省份来源马匹(P<0.05),年度驱虫4次马的感染率显著低于驱虫2次(P<0.05),每天消毒1次与每周消毒2次马的感染率显著低于其他消毒频次(P<0.05),马房垫料不全清空的马匹感染率显著高于定期更换垫料马匹(P<0.05)。结果说明:深圳市马术俱乐部马匹普遍存在圆线虫和马副蛔虫感染,性别、品种、来源地以及驱虫频率、马房消毒频率及垫料更换频率对寄生虫感染有显著影响。建议马术俱乐部加强马匹的日常饲养管理,重视驱虫和消毒,加强引种检疫和肠道寄生虫检测,逐步实现马寄生虫净化。

In order to investigate the status of equine intestinal parasite infection in Shenzhen City,234 fresh horse faecal samples were collected from equestrian clubs across the city to detect intestinal parasites.The results showed that intestinal parasites were widely distributed in all the 26 clubs,with a total detection rate of 47.01%.The parasites mainly included Ascaris equorum and Nematoda circulans,the infection rate of both of which was 30.34%,with a mixed infection rate of 13.68%.The infection rate of intestinal parasites was significantly lower in stallions than that in geldings and mares(P<0.05),but without statistically significant difference in horses at different ages(P>0.05);the rate was obviously higher in Shetland horses than that in Mongolian horses(P<0.05),and lower in horses from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region than that in the horses from other provinces(P<0.05),obviously lower in the horses dewormed 4 times a year than that in those dewormed twice(P<0.05),and so were the horses disinfected once a day or twice a week than that in those with other disinfection frequencies(P<0.05),while greatly higher in the horses whose beddings were not completely removed than that in those whose beddings were regularly replaced(P<0.05).In conclusion,Ascaris equorum and Nematoda circulans were widely prevalent in the horses in the clubs in Shenzhen City,parasitic infection was greatly affected by sex,species,place of origin,as well as frequency of deworming,horse stable disinfection and replacement of beddings.The clubs were recommended to strengthen their daily feeding management,pay more attention to deworming and disinfecting,intensify the introduction quarantine and intestinal parasite detection,so as to gradually eradicate equine parasites.