基于蒙特卡罗模拟的庐江县土壤汞健康风险评估

A Monte Carlo simulation was employed to evaluate the health hazard of mercury in soil in Lujiang County

汞(Hg)是我国优先控制的环境污染物之一.本文选择安徽省庐江县作为研究区域,采集202个土壤样品,分析研究土壤Hg的分布特征及其成因,并采用蒙特卡罗(Monte Carlo)方法评估土壤Hg对人群的概率健康风险.结果表明,研究区土壤Hg的平均含量(0.055 mg·kg^(-1))超出原巢湖地区当地土壤环境背景值(0.033 mg·kg^(-1)),与全国其他地区相比,仍处于较低水平.表层土壤Hg含量空间分布不均,呈现出东南高西北低的特点.在中部县城区和东南部的矿区,土壤Hg含量较高,高含量区在局部区域呈点状分布.概率健康风险表明,庐江县土壤Hg导致的非致癌风险在可接受的范围内(HI<1).然而,相比之下,6岁以下儿童由于其自身的生理发育特点和活动模式,比6—12岁、12—18岁儿童及18岁以上成人更容易面临健康受损的风险(2.30×10^(-2)>1.06×10^(-2)>6.96×10^(-3)>6.35×10^(-3)).土壤Hg蒸气摄入是普通人群暴露于Hg的主要途径.

Mercury(Hg)is one of the priority environmental pollutants to be controlled in China.In this study,Lujiang County,Anhui Province,was used as the study area.Soil samples(202 sample sites)were collected in Lujiang County,and the distribution characteristics of soil Hg and its causes were analyzed.In addition,the Monte Carlo method was used to assess the health risk of soil Hg to the population.The results indicated that the average Hg content of the soils in the study area(0.055 mg·kg^(-1))exceeded the local regional soil environmental background value(0.033 mg·kg^(-1)).However,it was still at a low level compared to other regions of the country.The spatial distribution of surface soil Hg content was uneven,showing a high in the southeast and a low in the northwest.In the urban areas of the central county and the mining areas in the southeast,the soil Hg content was higher than in other areas,and the high content areas were locally distributed in a point pattern.The results of the health risk assessment suggested that the non-carcinogenic risk due to soil Hg in Lujiang County is within an acceptable range(HI<1).However,in contrast,children under 6 years of age(due to their own physiological developmental characteristics and activity patterns)were more at risk of health impairment than children aged 6—12 years,12—18 years and adults aged 18 years and older(2.30×10^(-2)>1.06×10^(-2)>6.96×10^(-3)>6.35×10^(-3)).Soil Hg vapour ingestion was the main route of Hg exposure in the general population.