饲粮中添加菌酶制剂对犊牛生长性能、肠道菌群及养分表观消化率的影响

Effects of dietary bacterial enzyme preparation on growth performance,intestinal flora,and nutrient apparent digestibility of calves

试验旨在研究不同水平的菌酶制剂对犊牛生长性能、肠道菌群及养分表观消化率的影响。选择36头体重相近的荷斯坦犊牛,随机分成4组,每组9个重复,每个重复1头犊牛。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂添加0.1%、0.2%和0.4%的菌酶制剂饲粮。试验期30 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,0.2%和0.4%菌酶制剂组的末重和平均日增重显著提高(P<0.05),料重比显著降低(P<0.05),所有菌酶制剂组犊牛的腹泻率均显著降低(P<0.05);所有菌酶制剂组犊牛肠道中的乳酸菌数量显著提高(P<0.05),大肠杆菌数量和沙门氏菌数量显著降低(P<0.05);0.2%和0.4%菌酶制剂组犊牛肠道中好氧菌总数显著降低(P<0.05);0.2%和0.4%菌酶制剂组犊牛的有机物、干物质的表观消化率显著升高(P<0.05),所有菌酶制剂组犊牛的粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维的表观消化率显著升高(P<0.05)。研究表明,添加适量的菌酶制剂可以改善犊牛的肠道菌群结构及机体对饲粮中营养物质的消化吸收,进而提高生长性能,菌酶制剂的适宜添加量为0.2%。

The experiment aimed to study the effects of different levels of bacterial enzyme preparation on the growth performance,intestinal flora,and nutrient apparent digestibility of calves.A total of 36 Holstein calves with similar body weights were randomly divided into four groups,with nine replicates per group,with one calve in each replicate.The control group was fed a basic diet,while the experimental groups were fed diets supplemented with 0.1%,0.2%,and 0.4%bacterial enzyme preparation.The trial period was 30 days.The results showed that compared with the control group,the final weight and average daily weight gain of the 0.2%and 0.4%bacterial enzyme preparation groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the feed to gain ratio was significantly reduced(P<0.05).The diarrhea rate of all bacterial enzyme preparation groups was significantly reduced(P<0.05).The number of lactic acid bacteria in the intestines of calves in all bacterial enzyme preparation groups was significantly increased(P<0.05),while the number of Escherichia coli and Salmonellawas significantly reduced(P<0.05).The total aerobic bacteria count in the intestines of calves in the 0.2%and 0.4%bacterial enzyme preparation groups was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The apparent digestibility of organic matter and dry matter in the 0.2%and 0.4%bacterial enzyme preparation groups was significantly improved(P<0.05),and the apparent digestibility of crude protein,neutral detergent fiber,and acid detergent fiber in all bacterial enzyme preparation groups was significantly enhanced(P<0.05).The study indicates that the addition of an appropriate amount of bacterial enzyme preparation can improve the intestinal flora structure and the body's absorption and digestion of nutrients in the feed,thereby improving growth performance.The suitable addition level of bacterial enzyme preparation is 0.2%.