发酵茶渣蛋白的提取及其对皖南三黄鸡养分表观代谢率的影响

Extraction of tea protein from fermented tea residue and its effect on apparent nutrient metabolism rate of Wannan Sanhuang chickens

试验旨在研究发酵茶渣蛋白的提取及其对皖南三黄鸡养分表观代谢率的影响。试验以发酵茶渣为原料,采用碱溶酸沉法提取茶蛋白,以茶蛋白的提取率作为正交试验的评定指标,得出最优提取工艺。选取1日龄皖南三黄鸡120只,随机分成4组,每组3个重复,每个重复10只,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加0.6%、0.8%和1.0%的茶蛋白。预试期7 d,正式试验期28 d。于31日龄时进行代谢试验,分析饲粮干物质(DM)、粗蛋白(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、钙(Ca)和磷(P)的表观代谢率。结果表明:茶蛋白的最佳提取条件为NaOH浓度0.15 mol/L、提取时间80 min、提取温度75℃、液料比50 mL/g。在此工艺条件下,发酵茶渣中茶蛋白的提取率为51.09%。饲粮添加0.8%、1.0%茶蛋白皖南三黄鸡干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、钙及磷的表观代谢率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究表明,饲粮中添加0.8%~1.0%的茶蛋白,可以提高皖南三黄鸡对饲粮养分的表观代谢率。

The experiment aimed to study the extraction of protein from fermented tea residue and its effect on the apparent nutrient metabolism rate of Wannan Sanhuang chickens.The raw material was fermented tea residue,and the alkaline solubilization and acid precipitation method was used to extract the tea protein,with the protein extraction rate as the evaluation index of the orthogonal experiment to determine the optimal extraction process.One hundred and twenty one-day-old Wannan Sanhuang chickens were selected and randomly divided into four groups,with three replicates per group,each containing 10 chickens.The control group was fed a basic diet,and the experimental groups were supplemented with 0.6%,0.8%,and 1.0%tea protein in the basic diet,respectively.The pretest period was seven days,and the formal experimental period was 28 days.A metabolic experiment was conducted at the age of 31 days to analyze the apparent metabolizable rates of dietary dry matter(DM),crude protein(CP),crude fat(EE),calcium(Ca),and phosphorus(P).The results showed that the optimal extraction conditions for tea protein were a NaOH concentration of 0.15 mol/L,an extraction time of 80 minutes,an extraction temperature of 75℃,a liquid-to-material ratio of 50 mL/g.Under these process conditions,the extraction rate of tea protein from fermented tea residue was 51.09%.The apparent metabolizable rates of DM,CP,EE,Ca,and P in the Wannan Sanhuang chickens fed with 0.8%and 1.0%tea protein were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The study indicates that the addition of 0.8%to 1.0%tea protein in the diet can improve the apparent nutrient metabolism rate in Wannan Sanhuang chickens.