三江源区青甜1号与豆科饲草混播对饲草产量和品质的影响

Effects of mixed sowing of Qingtian No.1 and leguminous forage in Sanjiangyuan region on forage yield and quality

试验探究了青甜1号与豆科饲草混播对饲草产量和品质的影响。试验将禾本科饲草青甜1号与3种豆科饲草分别混播,采用随机区组设计,设单播处理4个(A1、A2、A3、A4),混播处理6个(B1、B2、B3、B4、B5、B6),共10个处理,每个处理重复3次。结果显示:B3处理(青甜1号∶蚕豆=4.5∶1)株高、叶面积较其他处理明显更优;B5处理(青甜1号∶蚕豆=7∶1)鲜草产量最高,为41400 kg/hm^(2),较单播青甜1号(A1)显著增加了72.5%(P<0.05),B6处理(青甜1号∶饲用豌豆=7∶1)次之,鲜草产量为38500 kg/hm^(2)。禾豆混播各处理饲草的营养成分含量显著高于单播青甜1号(A1)(P<0.05),显著低于单播饲用豌豆(A2)(P<0.05)。B6处理的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、木质素和可溶性糖含量均显著高于其他混播处理(P<0.05),分别为16.10%、7.18%、8.80%和12.42%,饲用豌豆(A2)在3种豆科饲草中营养物质含量最高。隶属函数综合评价结果表明,B6处理的隶属函数值为0.817,属优,为Ⅰ级。研究表明,混播处理中的青甜1号∶饲用豌豆=7∶1时混播各项指标优于其他品种,适宜在三江源区的果洛地区推广种植。

The experiment explored the impact of mixed sowing Qingtian No.1 with leguminous forage on the yield and quality of forage.The experiment mixed the grass family forage Qingtian No.1 with three kinds of leguminous forages,and used a randomized block design,setting up four monoculture treatments(A1,A2,A3,A4)and six mixed sowing treatments(B1,B2,B3,B4,B5,B6),totaling 10 treatments,each repeated three times.The results showed that the B3 treatment(Qingtian No.1∶bean=4.5∶1)had significantly taller plant height and larger leaf area compared to other treatments.The B5 treatment(Qingtian No.1∶bean=7∶1)had the highest fresh forage yield,41400 kg/hm^(2),which was a significant increase of 72.5%compared to the monoculture of Qingtian No.1(A1)(P<0.05),and the B6 treatment(Qingtian No.1∶feed pea=7∶1)was next,with a fresh forage yield of 38500 kg/hm^(2).The nutritional component content of the forage in each mixed sowing treatment was significantly higher than that of the monoculture of Qingtian No.1(A1)(P<0.05),and significantly lower than that of the monoculture of feed pea(A2)(P<0.05).The B6 treatment had significantly higher crude protein,crude fat,lignin,and soluble sugar content than other mixed sowing treatments(P<0.05),which were 16.10%,7.18%,8.80%,and 12.42%,respectively,and the feed pea(A2)had the highest nutritional content among the three kinds of leguminous forages.The comprehensive evaluation results of the membership function showed that the membership function value of the B6 treatment was 0.817,which belonged to the excellent category,and was a GradeⅠ.The study suggests that the mixed sowing ratio of Qingtian No.1 to feed pea at 7∶1 has better indicators than other varieties,and is suitable for promotion and planting in the Golog area of the Sanjiangyuan region.