青贮甘蔗尾茎剪切与压缩特性研究

Study on shear and compression characteristics of silage sugarcane tail stem

试验旨在提高青贮甘蔗尾茎粉碎机械的粉碎质量,研究青贮甘蔗尾茎的剪切与压缩特性。以广西地区广泛种植的桂糖42号作为研究对象,利用WDW-T100型万能试验机对青贮甘蔗尾茎进行剪切和压缩试验。试验通过中心组合设计试验(CCD)研究加载速度、含水率、取样位置对青贮甘蔗尾茎剪切强度的影响,通过单因素试验研究压缩速度、有无茎节、压缩方向对压缩特性的影响。结果显示:青贮甘蔗尾茎剪切强度为0.66~0.95 MPa,其剪切过程可以分为3个阶段,最大剪切力出现在第一阶段;通过Design-Expert 12.0软件分析确定含水率和取样位置均对剪切强度影响显著(P<0.05),加载速度对剪切强度影响不显著(P>0.05);最大压缩力随加载速度增加而减小;有茎节部分的最大压缩力大于无茎节部分,轴向最大压缩力大于横向最大压缩力。研究表明,试验结果可为青贮甘蔗尾茎粉碎机械设备的设计优化提供参考。

The study was to improve the crushing quality of silage sugarcane tail stem crushing machinery,study the shear and compression characteristics of silage sugarcane tail stem.In this study,Guitang 42,which was widely cultivated in Guangxi,was used as the research object to shear and compress the tail stems of silage sugarcane by WDW-T100 universal testing machine.Based on the central combination design test(CCD),the effects of loading speed,moisture content and sampling position on the shear strength of silage sugarcane tail stems were studied.Based on the single factor test,the effects of compression velocity,presence or absence of stem nodes and compression direction on compression characteristics were studied.The results showed that the shear strength of the silage sugarcane tail stem was 0.66~0.95 MPa,and the shearing process could be divided into three stages,and the maximum shear force appeared in the first stage.The Design-Expert 12.0 software analysis determined that the moisture content and sampling position had significant effects on the shear strength(P<0.05),but the loading speed had no significant effect on the shear strength(P>0.05).The maximum compressive force decreased with increasing loading speed.The maximum compressive force of the part with stem joints was greater than that of the part without stem joints.The axial maximum compressive force was greater than the transverse maximum compressive force.The study indicates that the study can provide a reference for the design and optimization of silage sugarcane tail stem crushing machinery and equipment.