基于高分遥感调查东北黑土区10年尺度切沟治理效果

Investigation on the Effects of Gully Control in China′s Black Soil Region over a 10-Year Scale Based on High-Resolution Remote Sensing

[目的]分析黑土区切沟治理措施的存量、区域差异及治理后切沟演化特征,评估10年尺度切沟治理效果。[方法]以松嫩典型黑土区为研究区,采用系统抽样方法与3期高分遥感影像解译相结合,分析了耕地切沟治理效果和复发情况。[结果]在松嫩典型黑土区的998个抽样单元中,有切沟治理措施调查单元73个,占耕地抽样单元的10.11%,93.2%分布于黑土带。2010—2018年,有治理措施的情况下,仍约30%的抽样单元切沟密度增加,尤其是强度侵蚀以上抽样单元数量增加。切沟治理措施能够有效阻控切沟的发育,约80%的切沟保持稳定或缩短,但仍有8%的切沟持续增长,另有12%的新生切沟。[结论]东北黑土区耕地切沟治理措施在2010年之后广泛分布且能够有效阻控切沟的发育,但还需要进一步改进切沟治理策略,提高切沟治理的长效性,保障黑土资源的可持续利用。

[Objective]This study aims to investigate the distribution of gully treatment measures,to analyze post-treatment gully evolution,and to assess the effectiveness of gully rehabilitation in black soil areas at the decadal scale.[Methods]The Songnen typical black soil region,the largest black soil area in China,was taken as the study area.A systematic sampling method combined with the interpretation of high-resolution remote sensing imagery from three different periods was employed to evaluate the effect of gully erosion control and the recurrence of gullies on cultivated land from 2010 to 2018.[Results]In 998 sampled units in the Songnen typical black soil region,73 units which represented 10.11% of all cropland units received gully control treatments.An overwhelming 93.2% of these treated units were situated within black soil belt areas.From 2010 to 2018,around 30% of the sampled units demonstrated an increase in gully density despite the control measures,particularly where erosion intensity was already high.The soil conservation measures had been substantially effective in stemming gully progression,with approximately 80% of previously formed gullies either remaining stable or showing signs of regression.However,about 8% of gullies continued to expand,and 12% of gullies were emerged after establishment of conservation measures.[Conclusion]The soil conservation measures of cultivated land in the black soil region of northeast China have been widely distributed after 2010 and can effectively control the development of gully,but this indicates that there is requirements for improvement in gully control strategies to bolster the long-term success of these measures and guarantee the sustainable utilization of black soil resources.