基于Voronoi算法的一种新型多孔夹层结构参数优化和耐撞性研究

PARAMETER OPTIMIZATION AND CRASHWORTHINESS STUDY OF A NOVEL POROUS SANDWICH STRUCTURE BASED ON VORONOI ALGORITHM

提高防撞缓冲车(Truck Mounted Attenuators,TMAs)耐撞性成为道路安全防护的重要途径,借助Voronoi算法生成了一种新型多孔结构。首先,通过研究该结构的种子点数n、孔隙率ρ和不规则度α对结构几何拓扑影响关系,建立了材料比吸能与三个参数之间的数学模型。然后,借助有限元方法分析了新结构的能量吸收,证实了该数学模型的可靠性,利用正交试验确定最优结构参数。最后,将新型多孔结构作为夹层填充到TMAs防撞缓冲车中,探究了正碰、侧碰和斜碰三种工况下车辆耐撞性。研究发现,新型多孔结构能够有效降低峰值碰撞力,能量吸收性能远远超过传统TMAs和圆筒夹层TMAs,能够有效保护被撞车辆和驾驶人员安全。

The enhancement of truck mounted attenuators(TMAs)crashworthiness is an important way to protect vehicle safety.A new porous structure was generated by Voronoi algorithm.Firstly,the influence of the parameter,the seed number n,porosity of the structureρand irregularityαof porous structure on geometric topology was studied.The mathematical model between the specific energy absorption and the three parameters was established.Then,by the finite element method,the energy absorption of the new structure was analyzed,and the reliability of the mathematical model was confirmed.The optimal structural parameters were determined by orthogonal experiment.Finally,the new porous structure was filled into the TMAs as a sandwich,and the crashworthiness of the vehicle under three working conditions(forward collision,side collision and oblique collision)was discussed.It is found that the new porous structure can effectively reduce the peak impact force,and its energy absorption performance is far better than that of traditional TMAs and cylindrical sandwich TMAs,which can effectively protect the safety of crashed vehicles and drivers.