伊犁哈萨克自治州民间哈萨克医特色诊疗法调查研究

Survey of characteristic therapeutic methods of Kazakh folk doctors in Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture

文章通过访谈哈萨克族民间医,对新疆伊犁哈萨克自治州直属各县市民间哈萨克医特色疗法进行实地调查研究,从调查中收集到的民间医从医年限、学医途径、师承授徒情况、特色疗法、善治疾病、用药特点等第一手资料入手,着重对哈萨克族民间医治疗病种和特色诊疗技术进行系统分析,总结出当地哈萨克族民间医善治病种以及汗达勒玛治疗技术、布拉吾疗法、传统整骨复位法、鼻炎特色治疗等多种特色诊疗技术,并提出了哈萨克族民间医的保护和传承、哈萨克医药学人才的培养以及将民间哈萨克医药纳入地方医疗卫生工作事项中的建议。

In this paper,a field research was conducted on the characteristic therapeutic methods of Kazakh folk doctors in counties and cities of Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture.The first-hand data,such as length of healing practice,ways of acquiring medical knowledge,status of master and apprentice,characteristic therapeutic methods,the types of diseases treated,characteristics of medication were collected through the survey and analyzed by focusing on the types of diseases treated and the characteristic therapeutic methods they used.We summarized several major types of diseases that the folk doctors specialize in,and characteristic therapeutic methods namely kandalma(bloodletting therapy),bulau(balneotherapy),traditional bone resetting and characteristic treatment for rhinitis.In addition,the protection and inheritance of Kazakh folk medicine,the cultivation of traditional Kazakh medicine talents and the inclusion of traditional Kazakh medicine in local work plan on medicine and healthcare were proposed.