乳腺癌患者T淋巴细胞及NK细胞水平观察及其临床意义

Observation of T lymphocyte and NK cell levels in patients with breast cancer and its clinical significance

目的探讨乳腺癌患者T淋巴细胞及自然杀伤(natural killer, NK)细胞水平变化及临床意义。方法采取前瞻性研究, 选取空军特色医学中心2019年1月至2022年10月收治的乳腺癌患者50例为观察组, 另选取同期健康者40例为对照组。检测并比较两组研究对象CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)及NK细胞水平, 同时分析不同分期乳腺癌患者及未复发组与复发组乳腺癌患者上述指标的差异。结果观察组患者CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)、NK细胞水平低于对照组[(52.56±5.05)%比(69.45±7.11)%, (27.56±5.48)%比(41.56±6.15)%, (0.85±0.11)比(1.77±0.12), (13.26±2.78)%比(26.26±2.56)%, t值分别为13.16、11.41、37.86, 22.82, P值均<0.05], CD8^(+)水平高于对照组, 差异有统计学意义[(32.45±5.11)%比(23.42±5.48)%, t=8.07, P<0.05];且与分期相关(P<0.05);未复发组CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)、NK细胞水平高于复发组[(38.98±3.56)%比(28.35±5.45)%, (1.61±0.08)比(0.81±0.16), (24.98±4.26)%比(14.26±2.58), t值分别为5.28、7.94、13.73、9.63, P值均<0.05], CD8^(+)水平低于复发组, 差异有统计学意义[(24.26±4.64)比(35.19±3.35), t=7.94, P<0.05]。结论 T淋巴细胞及NK细胞水平能反映乳腺癌患者细胞免疫功能状态, 且对其术后复发具有一定参考价值。

Objective To investigate the changes and clinical significance of T lymphocytes and natural killer(NK)cells in patients with breast cancer.Methods A prospective study was conducted to select 50 patients with breast cancer admitted to the Air Force Special Medical Center from January 2019 to October 2022 as the observation group,and 40 healthy people in the same period as the control group.Detect and compare the levels of CD3^(+),CD4^(+),CD8^(+),CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)and NK cells in the two groups,and analyze the differences of the above indicators in breast cancer patients at different stages and in breast cancer patients in the non recurrence group and the recurrence group.Results The levels of CD3^(+),CD4^(+),CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)and NK cells in observation group were lower than those in control group[(52.56±5.05)%vs(69.45±7.11)%,(27.56±5.48)%vs(41.56±6.15)%,(0.85±0.11)vs(1.77±0.12),(13.26±2.78)%vs(26.26±2.56)%,t values were 13.16,11.41,37.86,22.82,respectiely,all P values<0.05],CD8^(+)level was higher than control group[(32.45±5.11)%vs(23.42±5.48)%,t=8.07,P<0.05],and the levevs were correlated with stage(P<0.05).The levels of CD3^(+),CD4^(+),CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)and NK cells in the non-relapsed group were higher than those in the relapsed group[(38.98±3.56)%vs(28.35±5.45)%,(1.61±0.08)vs(0.81±0.16),(24.98±4.26)%vs(14.26±2.58),t values were 5.28,7.94,13.73,9.63,respectively,all P values<0.05].CD8^(+)level was lower than that of the relapse group,and the difference was statistically significant[(24.26±4.64)vs(35.19±3.35),t=7.94,P<0.05].Conclusion The levels of T lymphocytes and NK cells can reflect the cellular immune function of patients with breast cancer,and have certain reference value for their postoperative recurrence.