NKG2A和HLA-E在肿瘤中介导免疫逃逸的研究进展

Research progress of NKG2A and HLA-E mediated immune escape in tumor

免疫检查点阻断疗法的出现标志着肿瘤治疗进入新时代, 部分患者因此获益。近年来, 自然杀伤细胞受体家族成员2A(natural killer group 2 member A, NKG2A )和人类白细胞抗原E(human leukocyte antigen E, HLA-E )作为新的免疫检查点受到广泛关注, 且与多种肿瘤细胞的免疫逃逸有关。NKG2A主要表达于大部分自然杀伤(natural killer, NK)细胞表面并在CD8^(+)T细胞上选择性表达。其配体HLA-E在多种肿瘤细胞中表达增强。目前, 部分研究显示, NKG2A抑制剂参与的肿瘤联合免疫治疗可以明显提高肿瘤患者对免疫治疗的总体反应率。因此, NKG2A有望成为肿瘤免疫检查点治疗的新靶点, 为肿瘤患者提供治疗新策略。

The emergence of immune checkpoint blocking therapy marks a new era of tumor treatment,and some patients benefit from it.In recent years,natural killer group 2 member A(NKG2A)and human leukocyte antigen E(HLA-E)have been widely concerned as new immune checkpoints,and are related to immune escape of various tumor cells.NKG2A is mainly expressed on the surface of most natural killer(NK)cells and selectively expressed on CD8^(+)T cells.The expression of its ligand HLA-E was enhanced in a variety of tumor cells.At present,some studies have shown that tumor combined immunotherapy with NKG2A inhibitor can significantly improve the overall response rate of tumor patients to immunotherapy.Therefore,NKG2A is expected to become a new target for tumor immune checkpoint treatment and provide new treatment strategies for tumor patients.