锅炉高压蒸发器管泄漏原因分析

Cause analysis on leakage of high pressure evaporator tube of boiler

针对一起余热锅炉的高压蒸发器管发生泄漏的案例,通过宏观检查及多种试验对泄漏的蒸发器管进行分析。结果表明:高压蒸发器管内表面因承受的热负荷过大而出现脱碳,造成材料强度下降,且该锅炉启停频繁,导致蒸发器受到热疲劳的频率较高。在多种因素共同作用下,裂纹在高压蒸发器汽管内壁上萌生并扩展,最终贯穿整个横截面,造成高压蒸发器管泄漏。

In response to a case where a high pressure evaporator tube of a heat recovery boiler leaked,analysis of the leaking evaporator tube was subjected through macroscopic examination,and various tests.The results show that the inner surface of the high pressure evaporator tube is decarburised due to excessive heat load,resulting in a decrease in material strength.And the frequent start and stop of the boiler leads to a higher frequency of thermal fatigue in the evaporator.Under the combined action of various factors,cracks initiate and propagate on the inner wall of the high-pressure evaporator steam pipe,ultimately penetrating the entire cross-section and causing leakage in the high pressure evaporator tube.