百廿年我国学前教育国际交流与合作的历史演进与展望

International Exchange and Cooperation in Early Childhood Education in China:The Evolution Over the Past 120 Years and Its Prospects

学前教育国际交流与合作是推动我国学前教育发展的重要动力。本研究基于口述史和文献资料,梳理我国学前教育国际交流与合作百廿年的演进历程,将其分为清末学前教育的早期引进与模仿、民国时期西方学前教育思想的学习与吸纳、中华人民共和国成立后的“全盘苏化”与对外交流的中断、改革开放后走向国际舞台以及全球化背景下的双向交流与经验输出五个阶段。研究发现,演进历程中的特点表现为从被动接受到主动交流、从局部交流到全面融入、从单一形式到多元合作以及从单向引进走向双向交流与经验输出。新时代背景下,我国学前教育国际交流与合作应注重讲好中国故事、立足中国传统文化与国情、积极开展国际学前教育研究与参与全球教育治理,并做好学前教育的对外援助与支持。

International exchange and cooperation are important driving forces for the development of early childhood education in China.Based on oral history and literature analysis,this study delineates the evolution of international exchange and cooperation in early childhood education in China over the past 120 years,including the early introduction and imitation of preschool education in the late Qing Dynasty,the learning and absorption of Western early childhood education ideas during the Republic of China era,the interruption of intermational exchange,the complete Sovietization following the establishment of the People’s Republic of China and the subsequent interruption of international exchange,the re-engagement with the international community post-reform and opening up,and the current phase of bilateral exchange and experience sharing in the context of globalization.The study finds that the characteristics of this evolution process are manifested from passive acceptance to active exchange,from partial exchange to comprehensive integration,from single form to diverse cooperation,and fromunilateral introduction to bilateral exchange and experience output.In the new era,international exchange and cooperation in Chinese early childhood education should focus on telling the Chinese story,based on Chinese traditional culture and national conditions,actively engage in international early childhood education research and participate in global education governance,and provide foreign aid and support for preschool education.