山西吕梁后石墓地东周居民颅骨的人类学特征

Anthropological Characteristics of Ancient People's Skulls at Houshi Cemetery,Lvliang,Shanxi

后石墓地是一处位于吕梁地区的东周时期墓地。本文对东周时期后石墓地古代居民的种系纯度以及与周边地区古代人群的交流与融合进行探讨。在没有利用DNA的情况下,通过对该墓地出土个体的颅骨进行形态特征观察以及种系纯度检验,并与现代亚洲蒙古人种各区域类型进行比较,同时与其他相关古代人群对比分析可知:该墓地男性居民可能为同种系人群,而女性人群则有很大的异种系可能性。后石墓地古代居民同蒙古人种南亚类型和东亚类型较为接近。后石组与同处吕梁地区的高红组距离最近,人种构成较为复杂,可能包括古华北类型和古西北类型。

Houshi cemetery from the Eastern Zhou dynasty is located in lvliang region,Shanxi.In this paper,the germline purity of the Houshi ancient people and the communication and integration with other ancient people groups were discussed without using DNA.Through means of observing the morphological characteristics of the human skulls unearthed from this site and carrying out the germline purity test,comparing with various regional types of modern Asian Mongolian people and analyzing with other relevant ancient groups,the conclusions are followed:the Males are probably from the group with same germline,while women are from other groups.The ancient Houshi people are close to the South Asian and East Asian types of Mongolian people.The houshi group is similar to the Gaohong group who lived in Lvliang region,too and the race composition are complicated.It probably include the ancient north China type and ancient northwest type.