居高声自远,亦需藉秋风:拉扎斯菲尔德在社会学中的声誉类型与强度变迁

From Comprehensive Top Reputation Elite to General Single Reputation Elite:Lazarsfield's Reputation Change in Sociology

声誉是一种社会角色和一种社会评价,是集体记忆研究的重要议题。作为学术游牧人的社会科学家拉扎斯菲尔德在传播研究中享有奠基人的声誉,但他的整体知识贡献在社会学中的声誉类型和强度却缺少系统性的考察。本文以拉氏为个案,在社会学学科边界和学科文化变迁的背景下,考察作为知识的方法、作为知识的理论的学科归属价值,作为外部建构者的声誉企业家对跨学科明星的声誉的影响。本文发现从1950年代到21世纪初,拉氏从理论与方法兼备的顶级声誉精英窄化为研究方法领域的顶级声誉精英,最后跌落到研究方法领域的普通声誉精英。本研究深化了学术明星声誉变迁机制的解释,是学术史书写的一种新尝试,也是对传播研究的一次自反性思考。

Reputation is a kind of social evaluation and social role,which is an important part of collective memory.As an academic nomad,Lazarsfeld is recognized as the founder of communication studies.However,the type and strength of his reputation in sociology have not been systematically investigated.Taking Lazarsfeld as the subject of case study,under the narrative line of temporal structure,this paper investigates the influence of discipline attribution value as knowledge method,as knowledge theory and reputation entrepreneur on the reputation of interdisciplinary stars.This research finds that from the 1950s to the early 21st century,he“degenerated”from the comprehensive topest elite to the topest reputation elite in the field of research methods,and finally fell to the general reputation elite sequence.This study deepens the explanation mechanism of reputation change,which is a new attempt of academic history studying,and also an indirect reflexive thinking of communication research.