不同比例红蓝光夜间补光对番茄生长生理的影响

Effects of Supplementing Red and Blue Light at Different Ratios at Night on Growth and Physiology of Tomato

本试验以番茄‘冠群6号’为供试品种,在其行间放置不同红光(R)蓝光(B)比例(6R∶4B、7R∶3B、8R∶2B和9R∶1B)补光灯每日夜间补光6 h,研究不同比例红蓝光补光对设施番茄生长、光合特性、叶绿素荧光及果实品质的影响。结果表明:与不补光对照(CK)相比,不同比例红蓝光夜间补光对番茄不同时期各生长指标均有一定程度的影响,其中7R∶3B处理生长前期促进植株生长、增大叶面积,生长后期显著增加茎粗。幼苗期和营养生长旺盛期以红蓝光比例6∶4进行补光,番茄叶片的净光合速率、最大光化学效率和光系统Ⅱ潜在活性均最高;开花结果期以红蓝光比例7∶3补光,番茄叶片的净光合速率、最大光化学效率和光系统Ⅱ潜在活性最高。不同比例红蓝光补光对番茄果实品质均有提升作用,其中对平均单果重、纵横径、果实硬度、果形指数促进最大的处理为9R∶1B,对果实可溶性固形物、可溶性蛋白、VC含量促进最大的处理是7R∶3B,对可溶性糖、总酚含量促进最大的处理是8R∶2B。基于番茄生长及果实品质指标的隶属函数综合评价,7R∶3B处理即红蓝光比例7∶3为本研究最佳处理,能够较好地促进设施番茄生长和提高果实品质。

This experiment used tomato variety‘Guanqun 6’as test variety,which were supplemented with red light(R)and blue light(B)at different ratios(6R∶4B,7R∶3B,8R∶2B,and 9R∶1B)between rows for 6 hours daily at night.The effects of different light supplement treatments on growth,photosynthetic characteristics,chlorophyll fluorescence and fruit quality of greenhouse tomato were studied.The results showed that compared with the control(CK),different light supplement treatments had a certain degree of in-fluence on each growth indicator of tomato at different stages,among which,the 7R∶3B treatment promoted plant growth and increased leaf area in the early stage of growth and significantly increased stem diameter in the later stage.During the seedling and vigorous nutritional growth stages,the net photosynthetic rate,maxi-mum photochemical efficiency,and potential activity of photosystemⅡof tomato leaves were the highest at the light supplement ratio of 6R∶4B,while those were the highest at the light supplement ratio of 7R∶3B during the flowering and fruiting stage.Different light supplement treatments had improving effects on the quality of to-mato fruits.Among them,9R∶1B treatment had the greatest promotion effects on average single fruit weight,longitudinal and transverse longitude,fruit hardness and fruit shape index,7R∶3B treatment had the greatest promotion effects on contents of soluble solid,soluble protein and VC,and 8R∶2B treatment promoted contents of soluble sugar and total phenols the most.Through the comprehensive evaluation by membership function a-nalysis based on tomato growth and fruit quality indicators,it was found that the treatment of 7R∶3B was the optimal treatment in this study,which could promote tomato growth and improve fruit quality effectively.