女性更年期相关耳鸣危险因素初步分析

Preliminary analysis of risk factors of tinnitus related to female menopause

目的探讨女性更年期相关耳鸣可能的危险因素。方法收集2016年4月至10月于更年期综合管理门诊确诊为更年期综合征的59例女性患者的临床资料,根据耳鸣及更年期问卷调查分为耳鸣组和无耳鸣组,应用SPSS 19.0统计软件分析比较两组患者的年龄、体重指数(body mass index,BMI)、更年期Kupperman绝经指数(Kupperman menopausal index,KMI)、促卵泡生成素水平、更年期症状、耳鸣相关病史以及耳鸣可能的相关发病因素。结果59例更年期综合征患者中伴有耳鸣者22例,去除2例病因明确的甲状腺相关耳鸣,特发性耳鸣的发生比例为35.1%(20/57),其中17例纳入耳鸣组。37例患者无耳鸣症状,其中资料完整的26例纳入无耳鸣组。统计分析结果显示,两组患者头痛发生率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=9.098,P=0.003),其他指标差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。将失眠严重程度和耳鸣情况行进一步统计分析,两组间差别无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.841,P=0.417)。结论头痛可能是更年期相关耳鸣发生的危险因素之一。

Objective:To investigate the possible pathogenesis and possible risk factors of tinnitus related to female menopause.Methods:From April 2016 to October 2016,59 female patients with menopausal syndrome were diagnosed in the menopause comprehensive management clinic.Tinnitus and menopause questionnaires were conducted,based on whether having tinnitus,those patients were divided into two groups:tinnitus group and no tinnitus group.Age,body mass index(BMI),Kupperman menopausal index(KMI)score,follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)level of patients in the two groups were analyzed.Menopausal symptoms,related medical history and possible related factors of tinnitus were statistically analyzed.Results:A total of 59 cases were collected,22 of which were accompanied by tinnitus.The incidence of idiopathic tinnitus was 35.1%(20/57)because 2 cases of thyroid related tinnitus with clear etiology were removed.Complete data were obtained from 17 of 20 patients with idiopathic tinnitus and 26 of 37 patients without tinnitus.Age,BMI,menopause KMI score,hormone level,menopause symptoms and possible factors related to tinnitus were statistically analyzed between the two groups,and the incidence of headache was statistically different between the two groups(χ^(2)=9.098,P=0.003),but no other factors were statistically significant(P>0.05).The severity of insomnia and tinnitus were further analyzed(χ^(2)=2.841,P=0.417),and there was no significant difference between the two groups.Conclusion:Headache history may be one of the high risk factors for the occurrence of menopausal tinnitus.