旋转结构摩擦纳米发电机的材料、结构及应用研究进展

Research Progresses in Materials,Structures and Applications of Rotational Triboelectric Nanogenerators

综述了近年来旋转结构摩擦纳米发电机(R-TENG)在能量收集和传感领域的研究进展,介绍了不同结构R-TENG的基本工作原理、性能调控以及应用。详细分析了导电刷式结构、接触-分离式结构、独立层式结构以及恒流式结构的R-TENG,总结了各种结构R-TENG将振动、旋转、波浪、风和热源等能量高效转化为电能的方法和规律,比较了它们各自的结构设计、外部激励和电力输出。重点介绍了独立层结构中较为关键的减磨结构、悬浮结构以及模式切换。研究表明R-TENG具有将环境中的机械能转化为电能的应用潜力。最后,指出了R-TENG未能进行产业化的主要原因,同时展望了R-TENG在自供能传感、分布式能源等领域的未来发展方向。

The research progresses of rotational triboelectric nanogenerators(R-TENGs)in the fields of energy harvesting and sensing are reviewed in recent years,and the basic working principles,performance controls and applications of R-TENGs with different structures are introduced.R-TENGs with conductive brush structure,contact-separate structure,independent layer structure and constant current structure are analyzed in detail,the methods and laws of R-TENGs with various structures efficiently converting energies from vibration,rotation,wave,wind and heat source into electrical energy are summarized.Their respective structural design,external excitation and power output are compared.The key friction reduction structure,suspension structure and mode switching in the independent layer structure are focused on.The research shows that R-TENGs have the application potential to convert mechanical energy in the environment into electrical energy.Finally,the main reasons that R-TENGs have not been industrialized are pointed out,and the future development directions of R-TENGs in the fields of self-powered sensing and distributed energy are prospected.