负载干细胞的光交联蛋白基水凝胶在组织工程中应用的研究进展

Research progress of photocrosslinked protein-based hydrogels loaded with stem cells in tissue engineering

组织工程是一个多学科交叉领域,旨在除传统的创后或术后组织再生手段(自体移植、异体移植)外,利用现代技术设计和开发特定的生物材料,为组织损伤修复提供新的治疗思路。在众多组织工程相关生物材料中,水凝胶由于其独特的生物相容性、力学可调性、可降解性及高度亲水性等性质,被广泛应用于生物医学工程领域。除生物材料外,细胞也是组织工程的重要元素之一。干细胞具有多向分化潜能和低免疫原性,在组织工程中被广泛研究和应用。以明胶、胶原蛋白等材料制备的光交联蛋白基水凝胶具有良好的生物相容性和力学性能,可为干细胞提供类似细胞外基质的微环境,有利于促进其粘附、增殖及分化。负载干细胞的光交联蛋白基水凝胶充分发挥两者优势,协同促进组织损伤修复与再生。本文对光交联蛋白基水凝胶的制备及其负载干细胞在组织工程中的研究进行阐述与总结。

Tissue engineering is a multidisciplinary field,aiming at the design and development of specific biomaterials using modern technology to provide new therapeutic ideas for tissue damage repair,in addition to traditional post-traumatic or postoperative tissue regeneration methods(autologous transplantation,allotransplantation).Among all kinds of biomaterials used in tissue engineering,hydrogels are widely used in biomedical engineering because of unique properties such as biocompatibility,mechanical adjustability,degradability and high hydrophilicity.In addition to biological materials,cells are also one of the important elements of tissue engineering.Stem cells have multi-differentiation potential and low immunogenicity,and have been widely studied and applied in tissue engineering.Photocrosslinked protein-based hydrogels prepared with gelatin,collagen and other materials have good biocompatibility and mechanical properties,and can provide a microenvironment similar to extracellular matrix for stem cells,which is conducive to promoting the adhesion,proliferation and differentiation of stem cells.The photocrosslinked protein-based hydrogels loaded with stem cells give full play to the advantages of both,and synergistically promote tissue damage repair and regeneration.In this paper,the preparation of photocrosslinked protein-based hydrogels and the research of loaded stem cells in tissue engineering are discussed and summarized.