汉语语法规则在诗歌语言特区中的创新——以介宾状语后置为个案

On the Grammatical Deviation in Modern Chinese from Special Language Domain——The Case of Postposition of Adverbial of Prepositional Object

诗歌语言特区是语言创新演变的重要平台之一,介宾状语后置则是诗歌语言特区的典型个案。“在、沿着、用、从、以、向、到”等介词组成的介宾状语可以后置到光杆动词、述宾结构、述补结构或者整句后。影响介宾状语后置的主要因素是句子焦点、音节影响、诗歌的主观性移位以及诗人的认知模式。诗歌语言形式的创新是有限度的,比如介宾状语的谓语一般不会是单音节,动词均是动作动词,且宾语基本为双音节。

Special Language Domain of poetry is one of the important platforms for language innovation and evolution,which contains a typical case of postposition of adverbial of prepositional object.Adverbial of prepositional object containing"zai(在)""yanzhe(沿着)""yong(用)""cong(从)""yi(以)""xiang(向)""dao(到)"can be moved to behind of bare-verbs,predicate-object structure,predicate-complement structure and sentence.The main reason adverbial of prepositional object is postposition is sentence focus,syllable,the subjectivity of poet and cognitive model of poets.There still is a limit to innovation in poetic language like polysyllable as predicate of prepositional object,action verb and two-syllable word as object.