原本《玉篇》引《埤苍》研究

A Study of Original Edition of Yu Pian Citing Pi Cang

由当前可见的《玉篇》残卷可以发现,顾野王编纂时引用《埤苍》主要作为新增字和训释的补充,并且对《埤苍》原文进行了一定程度的剪裁改编,还可能存在某些引文不出自《埤苍》原文,而引用自某些古赋注中保留的《埤苍》训语的情况,故其散佚时间或还可再上推。另外,前人辑本与研究中试图构拟的《埤苍》文体并不全面,忽略了文本传抄与征引中不可避免的变动与失真,对张揖所作、顾野王所引、玄应与李善等人所引及抄手所改等不同层次间的关系梳理不清,故而造成许多误解。后世典籍虽仅存其训语,但《埤苍》以及与其同系统的《苍颉篇》《广苍》等书原本应为带注的韵文,即汉时常见的章句之体。

From the presently available fragmentary volumes of Yu Pian,it can be seen that the quotations from Pi Cang cited by Gu Yewang were mainly used as supplements to the new characters and instructions,and that the original text of Pi Cang was adapted to a certain extent as there may have been cases where some quotations were not taken from the original text of Pi Cang,but from the instructions of Pi Cang preserved in some of the ancient fu notes,so the time when the book began to be dispersed can be considered even earlier.In addition,previous editions and studies which have attempted to reconstruct the text of Pi Cang but incomplete,ignoring the inevitable changes and distortions in the text as it was copied and cited,and have not been able to sort out the relationship between the layers of work done by Zhang Yi,quoted by Gu Yewang,by Xuan Ying and Li Shan,and altered by the copyists,thus leading to many misunderstandings.Although the only surviving texts are the instructions,Pi Cang and its companion books,Cang Jie Pian and Guang Cang,were originally written in rhyme with notes,a form of chapter and verse common in the Han period.