作物秸秆还田及秸秆促腐剂的应用研究概述

Overview of Application and Research of Crop Straw Returning to Field and Straw Decomposition Accelerator

作物秸秆含有丰富的营养物质,秸秆还田可以改善土壤理化性质、增强土壤耕性、促进作物生长,同时也是实现作物秸秆资源化利用的重要途径;然而秸秆还田腐解速度缓慢,会影响作物的耕种及前期生长。秸秆促腐剂因能够加速作物秸秆的腐解而得到广泛应用并受到研究关注。概述了我国作物秸秆利用的历史与现状、秸秆还田对土壤及作物的影响,从秸秆促腐剂的作用研究、促腐剂产品的研究与应用方面综述了秸秆促腐剂的应用与研究进展,以期有利于秸秆促腐剂的研制发展与推广应用。

Crop straw contains rich nutrients.Returning straw to field can improve soil physical and chemical properties,enhance soil tillage and promote crop growth,and is also an important way to realize resource utilization of crop straw.However,the decomposition rate of straw is slow,which will affect the cultivation and early growth of crops.Straw decomposition accelerators have been widely used and paid attention to because they can accelerate the decomposition of crop straw.In this paper,the history and present situation of crop straw utilization in China,the influence of straw returning to soil and crops were summarized,and the application and research progress of straw decomposition accelerators were reviewed from the aspects of the function of straw decomposition accelerators and the research and application of straw decomposition accelerators.