传统农区乡村老弱化与农业现代化时空耦合格局分析——以河南省为例

Analysis of coupling development pattern between rural aging and agricultural modernization in traditional agricultural areas:A case study of Henan Province

乡村老弱化是乡村地域系统衰退的重要表现,乡村老弱化程度的不断加深和非均衡化发展制约着农业现代化的推进。本文以河南省为例分别构建乡村老弱化与农业现代化评价指标体系,从县域尺度分析2000—2020年研究区乡村老弱化与农业现代化的时空格局演变特征,并根据耦合关系划分老弱化与现代化区域类型。结果表明:1)乡村老弱化已成为河南省乡村发展的普遍现象,老弱化趋势增强且表现出由外部向内部蔓延集中连片分布的趋势;2)河南省农业现代化发展呈现明显的区域差异,开始出现东高西低、南高北低的固化格局,整体发展水平偏低且发展差距先增大后减小;3)20年间河南省乡村老弱化与农业现代化耦合发展处于较不理想状态的县(市、区)分布范围最广。因此河南省应在现有的资源禀赋上科学投入,完善制度,推动乡村老弱化与农业现代化协调发展。

The weakening of rural aging is an important manifestation of the decline of rural regional system.The deepening of the weakening degree of rural aging and the unbalanced development restricts the promotion of agricultural modernization.This paper takes Henan Province as an example to construct the evaluation index system of rural aging and agricultural modernization respectively,analyzes the spatial-temporal pattern evolution characteristics of rural aging and agricultural modernization in the study area from 2000 to 2020 at the county scale,and divides the regional types of aging and modernization according to the coupling relationship.The results show that:1)Rural aging has become a common phenomenon in the rural development of Henan Province,and the aging trend is enhanced and shows the trend of spreading from outside to inside.2)The development of agricultural modernization in Henan Province showed obvious regional differences,and began to show a solidified pattern of high in the east and low in the west,high in the south and low in the north.The overall development level was low and the development gap increased first and then decreased;3)In the past 20 years,the counties(cities and districts)in which the coupling development of rural aging and agricultural modernization in Henan Province was in a less ideal state were the most widely distributed.Therefore,Henan Province should invest scientifically in the existing resource endowment,perfect the system,and promote the coordinated development of rural aging and agricultural modernization.