试论丰都窑

On the Porcelains of the Fengdu Kiln

重庆丰都境内长江沿岸发现的丰都壕沟、大沙坝等多处宋代窑址出土的陶瓷在种类、胎釉、器型方面均相似,特色鲜明,与三峡地区已认识的宋代涂山窑等窑址区别明显,应为三峡地区的另一系地方民窑,建议将其命名为“丰都窑”。该窑址群是峡江地区烧造粗瓷的中心窑场,其窑业技术在整个峡江地区都有一定传布,技术渊源与四川邛窑系窑场、重庆涂山窑、江西景德镇湖田窑等均有比较密切的联系。丰都窑的发现与提出对于认识三峡地区宋代民窑的窑业格局以及同成都平原、长江中下游地区的窑业技术交流具有重要意义。

The ceramics unearthed from sites such as Haogou and Dashaba along the Yangtze River in Fengdu County,Chongqing City,exhibit similarities in terms of type,glaze,and shape,and possess distinct characteristics.While there is some variation among products from these sites,they are significantly different from those of the contemporary Tushan kiln.Therefore,these kilns may represent a series of local private porcelain kilns,which could be collectively renamed the‘Fengdu Kiln’.These kiln clusters represent a center for manufacturing coarse porcelains in the Xiajiang area and their technological advancements were disseminated throughout the region.The Fengdu kiln industry demonstrated connections with the Qiong kiln in Sichuan,the Tushan kiln in Chongqing,and the Hutian kiln in Jingdezhen.The discovery and identification of the Fengdu kiln are crucial for understanding the kiln industrial pattern of the Song Dynasty’s private porcelain industry in the Three Gorges area and for examining the technical exchanges between the Chengdu Plain and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.