林则徐遣戍西北之旅程行迹及其诗情笔意

Lin Zexu Sent the Journey to the Northwest and His Poetic Writing

清道光年间,林则徐因主张禁烟,在广东禁毁鸦片获罪,被贬至宁波镇海军营效力,既而遣戍新疆伊犁。赴戍足迹自宁波北上,途中折返河南开封治水,再赴陕西西安,由西安出发一路向西,行经陕西省—甘肃省—宁夏回族自治区—甘肃省—新疆维吾尔自治区,到达伊犁戍所。自开封赴戍新疆,历时十个月,在西北行程近八个月。在新疆戍边垦荒三载,放归途中任职甘、青、陕多地。从获罪入陕到起用后离陕,林则徐旅居西北五年多,创作了大量诗词文章。林则徐于人生暮年逆旅西北高原,以诗词文墨为情感依托,真实记录身处逆境的生命旅程,深刻反映出时代与个人的不幸际遇。其诗文创作得西北江山之助,既有西北山水游记的雄浑瑰丽,又具浑厚沉郁的精神气脉和情感力量,是清代边塞诗的代表之作。

During the reign of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty,Lin Zexu was demoted to the military camp in Zhenhai,Ningbo,and sent to Yili,Xinjiang to serve.On the way to Ningbo to the north,he returned to Kaifeng,Henan province to control the water,and then went to Xi'an,Shanxi province,starting from Xi'an to the west,passing through Shanxi-Gansu-Ningxia-Gansu-Xinjiang,and reaching Yili Garrison.It took ten months from Kaifeng to garrison Xinjiang and nearly eight months in the northwest.After three years of guarding the border areas in Xinjiang,he worked in many places in Gansu,Qinghai and Shanxi.From being convicted in Shanxi to leaving Shanxi,Lin Zexu lived in northwest China for more than five years and created a large number of poems and articles.In the twilight of his life,Lin Zexu traveled to the northwest plateau.Relying on poems,articles and calligraphy works,he truly recorded his life journey in adversity,and deeply reflected the unfortunate circumstances of The Times and individuals.His poems and articles are created by the northwest River,which not only has the magnificent travel notes of the northwest landscape,but also has the rich and gloomy spiritual vein and emotional power.He is the representative work of the frontier fortress poetry in the Qing Dynasty.