不同粗饲料对肉羊生长性能、养分表观消化率及肠道组织形态的影响

The effects of different roughage on growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility,and intestinal tissue morphology of meat sheep

文章旨在研究不同粗饲料对肉羊生长性能、养分表观消化率及肠道组织形态的影响。试验选择96只日龄相近,体重(33.48±0.62)kg的健康杜寒杂交羊,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复8只。肉羊采用等氮饲料饲喂,各组粗饲料中苜蓿干草、青贮玉米、燕麦干草组成分别为5∶0∶0(苜蓿干草组)、4∶1∶0(青贮玉米替代组)、4∶0∶1(燕麦干草替代组)、3∶1∶1(混合替代组)。预饲期10 d,正试期60 d。结果表明:(1)苜蓿干草组、混合替代组肉羊的平均日增重显著高于青贮玉米替代组、燕麦干草替代组(P<0.05),且料重比显著低于青贮玉米替代组、燕麦干草替代组(P<0.05)。(2)苜蓿干草组、混合替代组的干物质、粗脂肪表观消化率显著高于青贮玉米替代组、燕麦干草替代组(P<0.05)。(3)与青贮玉米替代组、燕麦干草替代组相比,苜蓿干草组、混合替代组空肠绒毛高度和绒隐比显著提高(P<0.05)。与青贮玉米替代组、燕麦干草替代组相比,苜蓿干草组、混合替代组回肠隐窝深度显著降低(P<0.05),且绒隐比显著提高(P<0.05)。结论:粗饲料中苜蓿干草、青贮玉米、燕麦干草组成为3∶1∶1时能提高肉羊生长性能,并对养分表观消化率和肠道组织形态无负面影响。因此,青贮玉米和燕麦干草的混合粗饲料对苜蓿干草有良好的替代效应。

This experiment aims to investigate the effects of different roughage on the growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility,and intestinal tissue morphology of meat sheep.96 healthy Du Han hybrid sheep with similar weight and age(33.48±0.62 kg)were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups,with 3 replicates in each group and 8 sheep in each replicate.Meat sheep were fed with equal nitrogen feed,and the composition of alfalfa hay,silage corn,and oat hay in each group's roughage was 5∶0∶0(alfalfa hay group),4∶1∶0(silage corn replacement group),4∶0∶1(oat hay replacement group),and 3∶1∶1(mixed replacement group),respectively.The pre trial period is 10 days,and the main trial period is 60 days.The results showed that:(1)The average daily weight gain of meat sheep in the alfalfa hay group and mixed substitution group was significantly higher than that in the silage corn substitution group and oat hay substitution group(P<0.05),and the feed to weight ratio was significantly lower than that in the silage corn substitution group and oat hay substitution group(P<0.05).(2)The apparent digestibility of dry matter and crude fat in the alfalfa hay group and mixed substitution group was significantly higher than that in the silage corn substitution group and oat hay substitution group(P<0.05).(3)Compared with the silage corn replacement group and oat hay replacement group,the alfalfa hay group and mixed replacement group significantly increased the jejunal villus height and villus to crypt ratio(P<0.05).Compared with the silage corn replacement group and oat hay replacement group,the alfalfa hay group and mixed replacement group significantly reduced the depth of ileal crypt(P<0.05),and the velvet to crypt ratio significantly increased(P<0.05).Conclusion:When the composition of alfalfa hay,silage corn,and oat hay in roughage is 3∶1∶1,it can improve the growth performance of meat sheep and has no negative effects on the apparent digestibility of nutrients and intestinal tissue morphology.Therefore,the mixed roughage of silage corn and oat hay has a good substitution effect on alfalfa hay.