短视频成瘾如何影响小学生学业发展——内部学习动机和师生关系的作用

The Impact of Short Video Addiction on the Academic Performance of Primary School Students-The Roles of Intrinsic Learning Motivation and Teacher-Student Relationships

研究短视频成瘾对小学生学业发展的负面影响是关乎少年儿童成长的重大问题。抽样调查我国T市309所小学,探究短视频成瘾对小学生学业成绩的影响机制,发现:小学阶段低社会经济地位学生比高社会经济地位学生、男生比女生、寄宿生比非寄宿生的短视频成瘾程度更深;小学生短视频成瘾程度越深,学业成绩下降越明显;内部学习动机在小学生短视频成瘾与学业成绩之间发挥中介作用;师生关系能够正向调节短视频成瘾对内部学习动机的影响,由此减缓短视频成瘾对学业成绩的负面影响。为此,建议教师通过专题教育等形式增强学生对短视频成瘾风险的认知,提升学生批判性分析媒体信息的能力;建立关爱和支持的师生关系,关注学生情感需求,并增强学习动机,以减少其对短视频的心理依赖;设计多样化的课外活动,为学生提供认知和情感参与的机会,转移学生对短视频的过度关注;建立家校合作机制,培养学生良好的数字媒体使用习惯和时间管理技能,有效预防短视频成瘾带来的负面影响。

Investigating the negative impact of short video addiction on the academic performance of primary school students is a critical issue concerning child development.A sample survey of 309 primary schools in T City,China,was conducted to explore the mechanisms by which short video addiction affects academic performance of primary school students.The findings indicate that in the primary school stage,students from low socioeconomic status are more addicted to short videos than those from high socioeconomic status,boys are more addicted than girls,and boarding students are more addicted than non-boarding students.A higher degree of short video addiction correlates with a more pronounced decline in academic performance of primary school students.Intrinsic learning motivation serves as a mediating factor between short video addiction and academic performance of primary school students,while the teacher-student relationship positively moderates the impact of short video addiction on intrinsic learning motivation,thereby alleviating its negative effects on academic performance.Accordingly,it is recommended that educators employ thematic education to enhance students'awareness of the risks associated with short video addiction and improve their critical media analysis skills.Establishing supportive teacher-student relationships that address students'emotional needs can foster intrinsic learning motivation and reduce psychological dependence on short videos.Furthermore,designing diverse extracurricular activities that provide opportunities for cognitive and emotional engagement can redirect students'excessive focus away from short videos.Finally,implementing a home-school collaboration mechanism is essential for cultivating healthy digital media usage habits and effective time management skills in students,thereby effectively mitigating the adverse effects of short video addiction.