以健康行为整合理论为基础的干预方式对尿道结石术后患者自我效能、心理负担和生活质量的影响

Effect of intervention based on the theory of health behavior integration on self-efficacy,psychological burden and quality of life of patients with urethral calculi after operation

目的:探讨以健康行为整合理论(ITHBC)为基础的干预方式对尿道结石术后患者的影响。方法:选取2021年10月-2022年10月在某院行尿道结石术治疗的206例患者,数字奇偶法分为对照组(给予常规干预,103例)和观察组(给予以ITHBC为基础的干预,103例)。对比两组患者术后恢复情况、自我效能、心理负担、应激反应指标、生活质量及术后并发症发生情况。结果:观察组尿管拔除时间、首次下床时间及住院时间均短于对照组(t=15.919,13.305,4.387;P<0.001)。干预后观察组自我效能感量表(GSES)评分高于对照组(t=6.873,P<0.001)。干预后观察组SPBS各维度评分低于对照组(t=8.479,8.942,10.752;P<0.001)。干预后观察组NE、Cor水平低于对照组(t=10.776,5.722;P<0.001)。干预后观察组WHOQOL-BREF各领域评分及总分高于对照组(t=9.190,9.738,8.915,7.502,8.984;P<0.001)。观察组术后并发症总发生率(4.85%vs 12.62%)低于对照组(χ^(2)=3.896,P=0.048)。结论:以ITHBC为基础的干预方式可促进尿道结石术后患者恢复,提高自我效能,减轻心理负担,降低应激反应,提高生活质量,降低并发症发生率。

Objective:To explore the influence of intervention based on the theory of health behavior integration(ITHBC)on postoperative patients with urethral calculi.Methods:A total of 206 patients with urethral calculi treated in our hospital from October 2021 to October 2022 were selected and divided into control group(103 cases given routine intervention)and observation group(103 cases given ITHBC-based intervention)by digital parity method.The postoperative recovery,self-efficacy,psychological burden,stress response indicators,quality of life and postoperative complications of the two groups were compared.Results:The time of removing catheter removal,the time of getting out of bed for the first time and the hospital stay in the observation group were shorter(t=15.919,13.305,4.387;P<0.001).After the intervention,the score of self-efficacy scale(GSES)in the observation group was higher(t=6.873,P<0.001).The scores of SPBS in the observation group were lower(t=8.479,8.942,10.752;P<0.001).The levels of NE and Cor in the observation group were lower(t=10.776,5.722;P<0.001).The scores and total scores of WHOQOL-BREF in the observation groupwere higher(t=9.190,9.738,8.915,7.502,8.984;P<0.001).The total incidence of postoperative complications in the observation group(4.85%vs 12.62%)was lower than that in the control group(χ^(2)=3.896,P=0.048).Conclusion:The intervention based on ITHBC can promote the recovery of patients with urethral calculi after operation,improve self-efficacy,reduce psychological burden,reduce stress reaction,improve the quality of life and reduce the incidence of complications.