家庭为中心的引导式宣教联合适应性训练对高胆红素血症患儿家属心理状态和患儿恢复的影响

Effects of family-centered guided education combined with adaptive training on psychological state of family members and recovery of children with hyperbilirubinemia

目的:探讨家庭为中心的引导式宣教联合适应性训练对高胆红素血症(NHB)患儿家属心理状态和患儿恢复的影响。方法:选取2023年1月-2024年1月在某院收治的86例NHB患儿及86名主要照顾者为研究对象,随机数表法分为观察组(予以家庭为中心的引导式宣教联合适应性训练)与对照组(常规护理),每组43例NHB患儿及其43名主要照顾者。均护理干预至患儿出院,对比两组患儿恢复情况(胎便排出时间、住院时间、黄疸消退时间、日均睡眠时间)、神经功能状况[胆红素致神经功能障碍量表(BIND)]、发育情况[Gesell发育诊断量表(GDDS)]、患儿家属心理状态[抑郁自评量表(SDS)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)]、家属满意度[纽卡斯尔护理服务满意度量表(NSNS)]。结果:观察组黄疸消退时间、胎便排出时间、住院时间均短于对照组,日均睡眠时间长于对照组(t=5.411,7.247,5.262,9.331;P<0.01)。干预后两组GDDS(适应行为、大运动行为、精细运动行为、语言行为、个人-社交行为)评分均升高,BIND评分均降低,且观察组GDDS各项评分高于对照组,BIND评分低于对照组(t=4.008,2.353,3.129,5.544,2.371,12.709;P<0.05)。干预后两组患儿家属SDS、SAS评分均降低,且与对照组相比,观察组上述评分均更低(P<0.05)。观察组患儿家属满意度相较于对照组更高(χ^(2)=3.957,P<0.05)。结论:家庭为中心的引导式宣教联合适应性训练对NHB患儿健康恢复和发育情况均有促进作用,并有利于改善患儿神经功能障碍和患儿家属心理状态,提高患儿家属满意度。

Objective:To explore the effects of family-centered guided education combined with adaptive training on psychological state of family members and recovery of children with hyperbilirubinemia(NHB).Methods:A total of 86 children with NHB admitted to the hospital and 86 primary caregivers were enrolled as the research objects between January 2023 and January 2024.According to random number table method,they were divided into observation group(family-centered guided education combined with adaptive training)and control group(routine nursing),43 children and 43 in each group.All children were intervened till discharge.The children recovery(fetal defecation time,length of hospital stay,faded time of jaundice,daily average sleep time),nerve function[bilirubin-induced neurological dysfunction(BIND)],development status[Gesell Developmental Scales(GDDS)],psychological state of family members[self-rating depression scale(SDS),self-rating anxiety scale (SAS)]and family satisfaction[Newcastle nursing service satisfaction scale(NSNS)]were compared between the two groups.Results:The faded time of jaundice,fetal defecation time and length of hospital stay in observation group were shorter than those in control group,and daily average sleep time was longer than that in control group(t=5.411,7.247,5.262,9.331;P<0.01).After intervention,scores of GDDS(adaptive behaviors,gross motor behaviors,fine motor behaviors,language behaviors,individual-social behaviors)were increased in both groups,which were higher in observation group than control group,while BIND score was decreased,which was lower in observation group than control group(P<0.05).After intervention,scores of SDS and SAS were decreased in both groups,which were lower in observation group than control group(t=4.008,2.353,3.129,5.544,2.371,12.709;P<0.05).The family satisfaction in observation group was higher than that in control group(χ^(2)=3.957,P<0.05).Conclusion:Family-centered guided education combined with adaptive training can promote health recovery and development of NHB children,which is beneficial to improve neurological dysfunction,psychological state of family members and satisfaction.