国内外低、中放射性水平废物管理实践概述及启示

Overview and enlightenment of domestic and international practices in the management of low and intermediate level radioactive waste

低中放射性水平废物管理是各国面临的长期的、挑战性的问题。本文归纳了监管方式与政策框架、放射性废物分类、处置设施建设、资金管理机制等,概述了国内外低中放射性水平废物管理实践,对比了国内外低中放射性废物管理经验,提出了我国在完善法规体系、优化分类管理、加强技术创新和建立长效资金保障机制等方面的建议。

The management of low and intermediate-level radioactive waste is a long-term and challenging issue faced by various countries.This paper summarizes the practices of low and intermediate-level radioactive waste management at home and abroad,including regulatory methods and policy frameworks,classification of radioactive waste,construction of disposal facilities,and financial management mechanisms.In addition,the management experience of low and intermediate radioactive waste at home and abroad is compared and analyzed.Some thoughts and suggestions on improving legal system,optimizing classified management,strengthening technological innovation and establishing a long-term fund guarantee mechanism are proposed.