国内外雪茄烟叶热解产物差异性研究

Study on the differences of pyrolysis products of domestic and foreign cigar tobaccos

采用U型固定床反应系统对国内外8个不同产地的35种雪茄烟叶进行热解实验,利用光电离质谱(PI-MS)对产生的气态热解产物进行实时在线分析,并运用主成分分析法(PCA)对获得的MS数据进行统计学分析。结果表明:35种雪茄烟叶中共鉴定出74种共有热解产物,主要为烃类、酚类、酮类、醇酸酯类和含氮物质。国内外雪茄烟叶的热解产物组成具有显著差异,主要表现为国内茄衣热解产物中烟碱类物质相对含量高于大部分国外茄衣,而甲基环戊烯酮、2,3-二甲基-2-环戊烯酮和2,5-二甲基环戊酮等香气成分的相对含量则低于国外茄衣;国内茄芯热解产物中3-甲基吡啶、2,5-二甲基环戊酮和(+)-柠檬烯等香气成分的相对含量低于国外茄芯。此外,PCA筛选出的雪茄烟叶的特征热解产物与常规化学成分分析的结果相符,验证了该实验结果的准确性。

A U-shaped fixed bed reaction system was used to conduct pyrolysis experiments on 35 types of cigar tobaccos from eight different regions at home and abroad.The produced volatiles were analayzed in real-time by photoionization mass spectrometry(PI-MS).The principal component analysis(PCA)method was used to statistically analyze the obtained MS datas.The results showed that a total of 74 shared pyrolysis products were identified in the 35 types of cigar tobaccos,mainly hydrocarbons,phenols,ketones,alcohols,esters,and nitrogen-containing substances.There were significant differences in the composition of pyrolysis products between domestic and foreign cigar tobaccos.Especially,the domestic cigar coats had a much higher content of nicotine than the foreign cigar coats,whereas the relative content of fragrant components such as methylcyclopentenone,2,3-dimethyl-2-cyclopentenone,and 2,5-dimethylcyclopentenone in the pyrolysis products of domestic cigar coats was lower than that of foreign cigar coats.The relative content of fragrant components such as 3-methylpyridine,2,5-dimethylcyclopentenone,and(+)-limonene in the pyrolysis products of domestic cigar chips was lower than that of foreign cigar chips.In addition,the characteristic pyrolysis products of cigar tobaccos screened by PCA were consistent with the results of routine chemical composition analysis of cigar tobaccos,confirming the accuracy of the experimental analysis results.