青藏高原典型濒危乔木适宜分布区及优先保护建议

The suitable distribution areas and suggested-priority protect areas of the typical endangered arbors on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

随着全球气候变暖及人类活动的增强,濒危物种灭绝趋势明显增加。保护青藏高原地区濒危植物尤其是珍稀濒危乔木,具有重要的现实意义。选取了青藏高原代表性的14个珍稀濒危乔木作为研究对象,对其现状和未来气候情景下的分布进行了建模和丰富度分析,并对适宜分布区和优先保护区进行了探讨。结果显示,当前濒危乔木适宜分布的区域主要集中在高原东南部的海拔较低、水热条件较好的河谷、中、低山地带,但这些地区自然保护区的数量和面积均较低,被自然保护区所覆盖的比例较低,形成了大量的保护空缺区,对青藏高原濒危乔木的保护极为不利。从濒危乔木适宜分布热点区的分布来看,雅鲁藏布江中下游河谷区、青藏高原东南部横断山谷区、青藏高原东部川西高原河谷区等3个地区,是应优先考虑保护区规划和建设的重点区域。应适时建立自然保护区,提高濒危乔木对气候变化和人类活动的适应。

With global warming and the intensity of human activities,the extinction trend of endangered species has increased significantly.It is of great practical significance to protect endangered plants in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP),especially rare and endangered trees.In this paper,14 representative rare and endangered arbors on the QTP were selected as the research objects,and their distribution under current and future climate scenarios were modeled and the richness were analyzed,and the suitable distribution areas and priority protection areas were discussed.The results show that the suitable distribution areas of endangered arbors are mainly concentrated in the southeastern,the middle and low-elevation mountains of the QTP,where the altitude is relatively lower and the water-heat conditions are relatively better.However,the proportions of nature reserves covered in these areas are very low,forming a large number of protection gaps,which is extremely unfavorable to the protection of endangered arbors on the QTP.Based on the analyses of this paper,the valleys in the middle and lower reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River,the Hengduan Valleys in the southeastern QTP,and the valleys in the western Sichuan Plateau in the eastern QTP are suggested as key areas that should be prioritized for planning and construction of protected areas.Nature reserves should be established in due course to improve the adaptation of endangered trees to climate change and human activities.