泛素化修饰在水稻与稻瘟病菌互作中的研究进展

Advance in the research on protein ubiquitination modification in the interactionbetween rice and blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae

稻瘟病菌Magnaporthe oryzae引起的稻瘟病是水稻Oryza sativa生产中的重大真菌病害,对水稻与稻瘟病菌互作机制的解析有助于挖掘优异抗性基因,为水稻育种提供抗稻瘟病基因资源。泛素化是真核生物中保守存在的重要蛋白质翻译后修饰(post-translational modification,PTM),参与植物生长发育和胁迫响应等过程。随着生物技术的不断发展,水稻与稻瘟病菌互作研究不断深入,在泛素化修饰组学、泛素化互作组以及蛋白功能等相关方面的研究取得了长足进展,近年来已鉴定到的多种水稻泛素修饰相关蛋白在水稻免疫过程中发挥着重要作用。该文在简要介绍泛素化途径的基础上,对E2泛素结合酶、E3泛素连接酶和去泛素化酶等参与水稻病原相关分子模式触发的免疫(pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity,PTI)或效应蛋白触发的免疫(effector-triggered immunity,ETI)的研究进展进行综述,并对该领域亟待解决的科学问题以及未来的发展方向进行探讨,以期为泛素化修饰在植物免疫过程中的深入研究提供参考与借鉴。

Rice blast,caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae,is a significant fungal disease to rice Oryza sativa production.Understanding the interaction mechanisms between rice and M.oryzae contributes to the identification of excellent resistance genes,thus providing genetic resources for breeding rice varieties resistant to rice blast.Ubiquitination,a type of post-translational modification in eukaryotic cells,plays a crucial role in various processes such as plant growth,development and stress response.With the continuous advancement of biotechnology,research into the interactions between rice and M.oryzae has achieved tremendous progress.Recently,multiple rice ubiquitin modification-related proteins have been identified as key players in rice immunity using ubiquitylome analysis,ubiquitination interactome and protein function assays.This article provides an overview of the ubiquitination pathway and reviews the research progress on E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes,E3 ubiquitin-ligases,and deubiquitinating enzymes,and their involvement in pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity(PTI)or effector-triggered immunity(ETI)in rice.Furthermore,this review also discusses scientific questions that urgently need to be addressed in this field and explores future directions,aiming to provide reference and guidance for further research into ubiquitination modification in plant immune processes.