性诱芯诱捕器对冬暖式大棚中番茄潜叶蛾的诱集效果及关键影响因素分析

Analysis of the trapping effect and key influencing factors of tomato leafminerTuta absoluta sex attractant traps in solar greenhouses

为明确性诱芯诱捕器对冬暖式大棚中番茄潜叶蛾Tuta absoluta的诱集效果,在山东省济南市番茄大棚中通过分析不同诱捕器类型、性诱芯至粘虫板的距离、性诱芯和粘虫板与地面的夹角、诱捕器悬挂高度以及布设方位对诱集效果的影响来进行评价。结果显示:不同类型诱捕器对番茄潜叶蛾的诱集效果差异显著,其中性诱芯+黑色粘板组装的平板型诱捕器的诱集效果最佳,日均诱蛾量为93头/诱捕器;诱集效果与性诱芯至粘虫板的距离呈负相关,将性诱芯直接放在粘虫板上时的日均诱蛾量最大,达72头/板;诱集效果与性诱芯和粘虫板与地面的夹角密切相关,当垂直悬挂(夹角为90o)时诱集效果最佳,日均诱蛾量为68头/板;性诱芯诱蛾效果与悬挂高度呈负相关,放于地面(0 cm)处的诱集效果最佳,日均诱蛾量为381头/板;在东西向大棚中诱捕器的诱集效果呈现出两头高、中间低的趋势,其中置于东端时日均诱蛾量最高,达362头/板;在南北向大棚中诱捕器的诱集效果亦呈现出两头高、中间低的趋势,其中置于南端时日均诱蛾量最高,达311头/板。表明采用性诱芯+黑色粘板组装的平板型诱捕器在冬暖式大棚的东西两侧、靠南或北端近地面顺垄垂直悬挂,诱集和监测番茄潜叶蛾成虫效果最佳。

To evaluate the trapping effect of sex attractant traps on tomato leafminer Tuta absoluta in solar greenhouses in Jinan,Shandong Province,the different trap types,the distance between the sex attractant and sticky plate,the angle between the sex attractant sticky plate and the ground,the hanging height,and the orientation were assessed.The results showed that the trapping effects of different traps were significantly different,among which the flat trap with a sex attractant and black sticky plate had the best effect(93 adults/d/trap).The trapping effect was negatively correlated with the distance from the sex attractant to the sticky plate,with the highest number of daily average trapped adults(72 adults/trap)when the attractant was directly placed on the sticky plate.The trapping effect was also closely related to the angle of the sex attractant sticky plate,with vertical hanging yielding the best result(68 adults/d/trap).The trapping effect was negatively correlated with the hanging height,with the best effect achieved when the trap was placed on the ground(381 adults/d/trap).In the east-west solar greenhouse,the trapping effect was the highest at the two ends and lowest in the middle,with the east side capturing the highest number of moths(362 adults/trap).Similarly,the trapping effect was the highest at the south end(311 adults/trap).These results indicate that the flat-plate trap assembled with a sex attractant and black sticky plate,hung vertically on the east and west sides of the greenhouse,near the south or north end,is the most effective for attracting and monitoring T.absoluta in the greenhouse.