雷斯青霉菌诱变菌株YB4粗毒素对枸杞线角木虱若虫的毒力及其稳定性分析

Stability analysis and virulence of crude toxin from the mutagenic strain YB4 of Penicillium raistrickii against psyllid Bactericera gobica nymphs

为开发防治枸杞线角木虱Bactericera gobica的天然微生物源杀虫剂,采用浸虫浸叶法和叶面喷施法测定雷斯青霉菌Penicillium raistrickii菌株F-1及其诱变菌株YB4粗毒素的室内毒力、温室防效,选择毒力效果较好的菌株粗毒素,测定其酸碱、温度和紫外线稳定性。结果表明:相同浓度下,诱变菌株YB4粗毒素对枸杞线角木虱若虫的室内毒力及温室防效均高于菌株F-1;处理72 h后,浓度为120 mg/L的诱变菌株YB4粗毒素对枸杞线角木虱若虫的室内毒力达到85.46%,处理14 d后,浓度为120 mg/L的诱变菌株YB4粗毒素对枸杞线角木虱若虫的温室防效达到78.61%。雷斯青霉菌诱变菌株YB4粗毒素主要成分为酚酸类、生物碱类、黄酮类、萜类、醌类及木脂素和香豆素。诱变菌株YB4粗毒素发挥杀虫作用的适宜pH为6~8,适宜温度为25~40℃,紫外线照射时间不宜超过30 min。表明雷斯青霉菌诱变菌株YB4粗毒素具有开发为天然微生物源杀虫剂的潜力。

To develop natural microbial-derived insecticides for the control of psyllid Bactericera gobica,the indoor virulence,greenhouse control efficiency,and metabolite composition of crude toxin from Penicillium raistrickii strain F-1 and its mutagenic strain YB4 were determined using leaf leaching and leaf spraying methods.The crude toxin with superior virulence was selected,and its stability under different pH,temperature,and UV conditions were measured.The results showed that the indoor toxicity and greenhouse control efficiency of the crude toxin from the mutagenic strain YB4 against B.gobica nymphs were higher than those of strain F-1 at the same concentration.After 72 h of treatment,the indoor toxicity of the 120 mg/L strain YB4 crude toxin against B.gobica nymphs reached 85.46%.After 14 d of treatment,the greenhouse control effect of the 120 mg/L strain YB4 crude toxin against B.gobica nymphs reached 78.61%.The crude toxins were mainly classified into phenolic acids,alkaloids,flavonoids,terpenoids,quinones,lignans,and coumarins.The optimum pH for the insecticidal action of the YB4 crude toxin is between six and eight,the optimum temperature range is from 25℃to 40℃,and the UV irradiation time should not exceed 30 min.These results indicate that the crude toxin from the mutagenic strain YB4 of P.raistrickii had the potential to be developed as a natural microbial insecticide.