基于3GPP信道模型框架的低轨卫星时变信道仿真方法

Time-varying Channel Simulation Method for Low Earth Orbit Satellites Based on the 3GPP Channel Model Framework

低轨卫星通信网络具有高动态、广覆盖、大带宽的特点,是未来6G空天地一体化网络的重要组成部分。低轨卫星宽带信道模型在卫星通信系统设计与性能评估中至关重要。为了解低轨卫星高速移动引起的信道参数时变特性,基于3GPP信道标准的几何随机统计建模框架,提出了一种低轨卫星时变信道仿真方法,通过引入信道参数的空间一致性和簇生灭过程,刻画了不同仰角范围之间的过渡现象,支持低轨卫星连续移动下时变信道的仿真。仿真结果表明,在固定仰角范围内,簇角度和时延等小尺度信道参数随着低轨卫星仰角的连续变化而平稳变化;在不同仰角范围之间过渡时,呈现出簇生灭现象。该方法具有3GPP标准信道模型的优点,能够以较低的复杂度精确描述低轨卫星信道的时变特性,支持低轨卫星通信系统的设计和评估。

Low earth orbit satellite communication networks,characterized by high dynamics,wide coverage,and large bandwidth,are integral to future 6G integrated space-air-terrestrial networks.An accurate time-varying broadband channel model is crucial for system design and performance evaluation.This paper presents a time-varying channel simulation method based on the 3GPP geometry-based stochastic model framework.By incorporating spatial consistency of channel parameters and a cluster birth-death process,the method accurately simulates time-varying low earth orbit satellite channel,capturing transitions between different elevation angle ranges.Simulation results demonstrate that within fixed elevation angles,cluster angles and delays exhibit smooth variations with the satellite’s movement,whereas transitions between different elevation angles reveal cluster birth-death phenomena.This model effectively balances accuracy and complexity,facilitating the design and assessment of low earth orbit satellite communication systems.