岩石变形破坏过程应变场定量分析及前兆识别

Quantitative analysis and precursor identification of strain field in rock deformation and failure process

为对岩石变形破坏过程应变场定量分析,引入统计学、熵和能量理论,提出用方差、熵和变形能量密度作为应变场定量刻画指标,量化研究岩石剪切破坏过程应变场演化规律,在此基础上,从应变场监测的角度探讨了岩石破裂的前兆特征。研究结果表明:应变场方差、熵和变形能量密度3个指标均呈现稳定变化、加速变化和急加速变化的阶段性特征,能够定量刻画破坏过程应变场均匀分布、应变局部化带发育和扩展演化规律。将3个指标加速变化特征作为岩石破裂前兆特征,其前兆捕捉能力均优于直观性的应变场分析,相比之下,变形能量密度的前兆响应能力最强。研究结果可为岩石破裂灾变过程应变场的定量分析提供新的方法,为工程岩体灾变监测和预警提供新的手段和依据。

In order to quantitatively analyze the strain field of rock deformation and failure,statistics,entropy and energy theories were introduced,and variance,entropy and deformation energy density were proposed as quantitative characterization indexes to quantitatively study the strain field evolution law in the process of rock shear failure.On this basis,the precursory characteristics of rock fracture were discussed from the perspective of strain field monitoring.The results show that the variance of strain field,entropy and deformation energy density all show the stage characteristics of stable change,accelerated change and sharply accelerated change,which can quantitatively describe the uniform distribution of strain field,development and expansion evolution of strain localization zone in the failure process.The precursory capture ability of the three indexes is better than that of the intuitive strain field analysis,and the precursory response ability of the deformation energy density is the strongest.The results provide a new method for the quantitative analysis of the strain field of rock failure,and provide a new means and basis for the monitoring and early warning of engineering rock failure.