维A及其顺反异构体的研究进展

Research Progress in Vitamin A and its Isomers

维A是一类由β-白芷酮环和2分子2-甲基丁二烯组成的脂溶性维生素。维A多存在于动物肝脏、鱼类及乳制品中。近年来,在维A的安全性方面也进行了大量的研究。然而,很少关注在食品加工、贮藏运输及体内代谢中的异构化产物的安全性和活性。为了解维A顺反异构体,对维A顺反异构体在食物中的存在形式、体内外转化及安全性进行了系统性综述。结果表明,天然存在的维A包含多种顺反异构体,如13-顺式视黄醇、11-顺式视黄醇、9-顺式视黄醇等。全反式视黄醇虽是维生素A的主要活性形式,但是在杀菌、加热过程及在光照条件下会发生异构化。此外,维A在体内也会发生顺反异构之间的转化。由此可见,不同异构化产物所具备的生物活性和安全性各不相同,综上,维A及其顺反异构体的研究为维A在食品领域中的应用提供思路。

Vitamin A is a group of fat-soluble vitamins consisting of aβ-dahlia ketone ring and two molecules of 2-methylbutadiene.Vitamin A is mostly found in animal liver,fish and dairy products.In recent years,much research has also been carried out on the safety of Vitamin A.However,little attention has been paid to the safety and activity of isomerization products in food processing,storage and transport and in vivo metabolism.To understand the cis-trans isomers of Vitamin A,a systematic review of the forms of Vitamin A cis-trans isomers present in food,they were in vivo and in vitro transformation and safety was carried out.The results showed that naturally occurring Vitamin A contains a variety of cis-trans isomers,such as 13-cis-retinol,11-cis-retinol and 9-cis-retinol.Although all-trans retinol was the main active form of Vitamin A,it could be isomerized during sterilization,heating and under light conditions.In addition,Vitamin A was also subject to conversion between cis-trans isomerization in vivo.The biological activity and safety of the different isomerization products varies.In summary,this paper might provide ideas for the application of Vitamin A in the food industry.