第32届东京奥运会高水平女子排球比赛攻防能力等级评价研究

Grade evaluation of the offensive and defensive ability of high level women’s volleyball match in the 32th Tokyo Olympic Games

以2020年东京奥运会女子排球赛12支队伍为研究对象,运用文献资料法、录像分析法和数理统计法等研究方法,对各国女排攻防指标进行等级评价,分析中国队与世界强队的攻防能力,提出建议.结果显示:美国队、巴西队和塞尔维亚队的进攻能力最强,进攻WRSR值均在B级,中国队位居C级;防守能力最强的当数防守WRSR值在B级的美国、巴西、塞尔维亚、俄罗斯和土耳其队,中国队在防守上逊色于其他强队,防守WRSR值处于D级;攻防能力最突出的是巴西队,攻防WRSR值最高,排名第二的则是美国队.12支队伍进攻、防守和攻防WRSR值与比赛名次均呈显著相关,具有统计意义(P值均<0.01).东京奥运会女子排球赛各队共分为5档,攻防能力属于第1档水平的队伍包括美国、巴西、塞尔维亚、俄罗斯,这些队伍代表当今世界女子排坛的最高水平.东京奥运会高水平队伍技战术特征为:扣球进攻位置多样化;发球攻击性强;全面的拦网、默契的配合和极强的得分能力;二传到位率较高.

Taking the 12 women’s volleyball teams of the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games as the research object,using the research methods of literature,video analysis and mathematical statistics,this paper evaluates the offensive and defensive indicators of women’s volleyball teams in various countries,analyzes the offensive and defensive ability of Chinese teams and world strong teams,and puts forward some suggestions.Results:on the offensive side,the WRSR value of the United States,Brazil and Serbia was high,which was in class B level,and the China team ranked at class C.On the defense side,the WRSR value of the United States,Brazil,Serbia and Russia was high,which was in class B level,and the China team ranked at class D.The Brazil team had the highest offensive-defensive WRSR value.The WRSR values of offensive,defense and offensive-defensive of each team were significantly correlated with the final ranking(all p<0.01).All team of the Tokyo Olympic Games was divided into five grades.The United States,Brazil,Serbia and Russia was all in the first rank in terms of offensive and defensive.They represented the best strong women’s volleyball team.The technical and tactical characteristics of high-level strong teams in the Tokyo Olympic Games were as follows:the attacking point of the smash was changeable and the route was diversified;the service was very aggressive;block awareness was high and location was accurate;toss was high successful rate and the pass form was flexible.