中国数字产业化布局的地方立法实践及其优化研究

Research on Local Legislative Practices of Digital Industrialization Layout and Its Optimizing in China

全面分析数字产业化布局的地方立法实践,有助于国家数字产业化布局的立法经验积累,也有利于企业等多元主体了解和遵从当地的数字产业化立法现状。在数字产业化布局的地方立法实践中,对于数字产业化的定义不尽相同,但立法目的指向相同,立法地位均以实际应用为主要导向。立法目标呈现为以提高数字产业竞争力为主,以构建数字产业生态体系为次,具有促进数字相关行业发展和促进数字经济发展的双向促进作用。责任主体推进数字产业化工作时,以独立权责模式为主,以部门协同和授权管理为辅。数字产业化对象兼顾新兴产业和软硬件等全产业链,范围囊括“重点领域”和“产业链”。数字产业化方式因势利导且具有针对性,职责配置明确但缺失监管环节的职责安排。后续优化数字产业化布局立法的路径为:由各地分散式布局转向全国统一布局,并由概括性条款转向专章式规定;统一数字产业化的法律定义,并强化数字产业化的监管职责。

Comprehensive analysis of the local legislative practice of digital industrialization can help accumulate the national legislative experience of digital industrialization,and also help enterprises and other diversified subjects to understand and comply with the current status of local digital industrialization legislation.In the local legislative practice of digital industrialization,the definition of digital industrialization is different but the legislative purpose is the same,and the legislative status is mainly oriented to practical application.The legislative goal is to improve the competitiveness of the digital industry and build a digital industry ecosystem,which has the two-way promotion effect of promoting the development of digital-related industries and the development of the digital economy.The main body responsible for the implementation of digital industrialization is based on the mode of independent authority and responsibility supplemented by departmental coordination and authorized management.The target of digital industrialization takes into account the whole industry chain,including emerging industries and software and hardware,and the scope includes‘key areas and‘industry chains.The approach to digital industrialization is tailored and targeted,with a clear allocation of responsibilities,but without the arrangement of responsibilities in the regulatory chain.The subsequent path to optimizing legislation on the layout of digital industrialization is to shift from a decentralized layout to a unified layout across the country,and from general provisions to specific chapters;and to unify the legal definitions of digital industrialization and strengthen the supervisory responsibilities of digital industrialization.